导　　师： 孟宪璋

学科专业： 040203

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

摘　　要： 目的：探讨防御方式问卷的信度与效度。 方法：采用防御方式问卷，对100名精神分裂患者、100名神经症患者及100正常人进行测 试。 结果：/(1/)共有46％的条目需要淘汰或修改，主要集中于中间型防御机制分量表。/(2/)同质性信度与复测信度结果显示各分量表均高于0.85。/(3/)精神分裂症和神经症组在不成熟和中间型分量表分数显著高于正常组，在成熟型分量表显著低于正常组；精神分裂症组在不成熟和成熟分量表分数显著高于神经症组，在中间型分量表两组无显著差异。/(4/)在多数不成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制方面，精神分裂组分数显著高于正常人，但与神经症组没有显著差异。神经症组在多数不成熟和中间型防御机制方面，分数显著高于正常组。在成熟防御机制方面，精神分裂组只在幽默上分数显著低于正常组，其他无显著差异。神经症组在3种成熟防御机制的分数显著低于正常组。/(5/)因子结构：防御机制3因子模型方差累计贡献率为44.7％，所有不成熟防御机制和部分中间型防御机制/(制止、回避、隔离、同一化和假性利他/)负荷在第一因子，其他中间型防御机制负荷第二因子，成熟型防御机制负荷第三因子。防御机制4因子模型总的方差累计贡献率为49.57％。其中6个不成熟防御机制/(投射、被动攻击、潜意显现、抱怨、分裂和躯体化/)和5个中间型防御机制/(无能伴全能、同一化、消耗、交往和假性利他/)负荷于第一因子；第二因子只有6个中间型防御机制/(反向形成、解除、理想和、隔离、否认和期望/)负荷；第三因子各包括两个不成熟/(幻想和退行/)和两个中间型防御机制/(制止和回避/)；第四因子由三个成熟型防御机制/(升华、压制和幽默/)负荷。防御机制5因子模型总方差累计贡献率为54.20％， Objective: to verify the reliability and validity of Defense Style Questionnaire. Method: the defense style questionnaire /(DSQ/) was administered to 100 patients with schizophrenia, 100 patients with neurotics, and 100 controls. Result: /(1/) 46/% entries need modification or to be removed completely. /(2/) The results of homogeneous reliability and test-retest reliability shows that scores of all subscales are higher than 0.85 /(3/) Schizophrenia group and neurotics group scored significantly higher than control group in immature and mature subscales, but showed no significant difference in the score of intermediate subscale. /(4/) Both schizophrenia and neurotics groups scored significantly higher than control group in most aspects of immature defense mechanisms and intermediate defense mechanisms. There was no significant difference between the schizophrenia and the neurotics groups in immature defense mechanisms and intermediate defense mechanisms. For mature defense mechanisms, schizophrenia group scored signific antly lower in humor than the controls. No significant difference found in other factors. Neurotics group scored significantly lower in all 3 mature defense mechanisms than the controls. /(5/) Factor structure: the contribution rate of accumulative total of variance of the 3 factors in defense mechanism is 44.7/%. All immature defense mechanisms and a portion of intermediate defense mechanisms constituents /(undoing, avoidance, splitting, identification, and pseudo-altruism/) are carried on F1; other intermediate defense mechanisms constituents are carried on F2. Mature defense mechanisms constituents are carried on F3. The contribution rate of accumulative total of variance of the 4 factors in defense mechanism is 49.57/%. 6 immature defense mechanisms constituents /(projection, passive aggression, acting out, complaining, dissociation, and somatization/) and 5 intermediate defense mechanisms constituents /(omnipotence, identification, consuming, socializa

关 键 词： 防御方式问卷 防御机制 信度 效度

领　　域： [哲学宗教—基础心理学]