作　　者： ; (项明强）;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

出　　处： 《心理科学》 2013年第5期1048-1053,共6页

摘　　要： 基于自我决定理论,调查350名体育锻炼者以构建城市居民体育锻炼的动机路径模型。结果表明:自主型动机与自主性支持、基本心理需求、锻炼意向有正相关,外在调节与前述各变量均有负相关,而内摄调节与前述各变量无显著相关,可能受中国传统"文弱"审美观念及现代生活压力影响;结构方程拟合结果支持嵌套中介模型,即社会体育指导员的自主性支持可正向直接预测锻炼意向,亦可通过基本心理需求、自主型动机和基本心理需求×自主型动机三个中介变量正向间接预测锻炼意向。 Few Chinese people participating in physical exercise is an important issue. The statistics from the Ministry of Health on Healthy China 2020 Strategic Planning indicate that 83.8% Chinese residents over the age of 18 never participate in physical exercise in 2010, which consists of 73.2% of city residents. Lacking interest in sports is a primary factor for people not to participate in physical exercise. Therefore, it is important to stimulate the exercise motivation. The self- determination theory （SDT） insists that there are va- rious levels of sports motivation including controlled motivation （ external regulation and introjeeted regulation） and autonomous motiva- tion （ identified regulation and integrated regulation）. The sports motivation stays at high level only when controlled motivation converts into autonomous motivation which underlies enduring sports behavior. Whether the external environment satisfies personal psychological needs （autonomy need, ability need, and relationship need） is another factor related to sports motivation. Very little indigenous re- search has been conducted to promote physical exercise of urban residents based on SDT. In this study, we hypothesized the relationship between autonomy support of coaches and physical exercise intentions of urban residents was mediated by basic need satisfaction and au- tonomous motivation. Data was collected from 350 urban residents of 18 to 56 years old. Eighteen percentage of the urban residents did not finish high school, 24.9 % of them finished high school, 21.1% of them had a college degree, and 36% had a bachelor degree or above. The 6 -item Sport Climate Questionnaire, the Basic Need Satisfaction Scale with 9items, the Exercise Self- Regulation Question- naire with 17items by Deci and Ryan （2011）and the Self- edited Physical Exercise Scale with one item were used. The confirmatory factor artalysis supported the structure of Sport Climate Questionnaire and theBasic Need Satisfaction Scale. In this study, their internal

关 键 词： 城市居民 锻炼意向 自我决定理论 动机路径

领　　域： [文化科学—运动人体科学] [文化科学—体育学]