作　　者： ;

机构地区： 深圳大学外国语学院

出　　处： 《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》 2009年第3期321-327,共7页

摘　　要： 从功能-认知语言学的角度出发,探讨了一系列关于汉语"W呢"问句现象的问题。认为,"W呢"问句是一个跨语言的表达手段,其实质就是"话题性",故可以称之为"话题问句"。话题可以发问,这是话题核心功能在话语中的自然延续。话题问句也有语言间的差异。在非话语概念结构化语言(如英语、俄语等)里,话题问句是一个话语的手段,只能作承前的对比问,疑问点决定于对比信息中的相关述题。而在话语概念结构化语言(如汉语、日语等)里,话题问句不但同样可以作对比问,其中的"NP+话题标记?"还可以作自主问,问NP的所在。这个语法意义不是它组成成分(如汉语里"NP"和"呢")的简单相加,也不是通过会话推理得到,而是相对独立于语境的。这一构式背后是人类关于空间感知的认知基础。在话题概念结构化的语言里,话题的语法性质提供了这一认知基础在语言里实现语法化的语言内部条件,因而这一语法表达带有浓郁的类型学特色。 From cognitive- functional linguistics, analyse a succession ot the ＂W＋ne＂ questtons Chinese. The ＂W＋ne＂ questions are cross--language expressions, with ＂topic＂ as their essence, so they can be termed as ＂topic - only questions. ＂ A topic can question, which is a natural continuity of their core function. The ＂topic- only question＂ has language disparities. Outside the discourse configurational languages （English, Russian and so on）, it is a way of discourse only as a comparable question and the suspicion depends on the relevant accounts. But in the discourse configurational languages（Chinese, Japanese and so on） it is only a comparable question, but active question such as ＂NP question. ＂ This grammatical meaning is not the simple adding or reasoning from conversation, but free of context. It may be motivated by human beings＇ cognitive basis of spatial perception. In topic- configurational languages the grammatical attribute provides an inner condition to realize grammaticalization, regarded as typology.

关 键 词： 话题问句 呢 问句 认知 功能 空间认知

领　　域： [语言文字—英语]