作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 新疆师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处： 《心理学报》 2019年第1期14-23,共10页

摘　　要： 研究使用ERPs技术,考察了双语者在联结再认中是否存在第二语言记忆优势效应。实验要求被试完成维吾尔语(L1)和汉语(L2)两类"学习-测试"任务。学习阶段要求被试学习混合呈现的复合词和无关词,测验阶段要求被试区分"旧"、"重组"或"新"词对。行为结果发现:(1)复合词中, L2的正确率高于L1, L2的反应时快于L1;无关词中, L2的正确率与L1无显著差异,但L2的反应时快于L1。(2)在L2和L1中,复合词的正确率均高于无关词,反应时均快于无关词。ERPs结果发现:(1)在高整合条件下, L2仅诱发了FN400效应, L1诱发了FN400效应和LPC效应;在低整合条件下, L2和L1都只诱发了LPC效应。(2)在时间进程上, L2和L1分别在650 ms和900 ms完成联结关系的提取。上述结果表明,在高整合条件下,双语者在联结再认中存在L2记忆优势。此外,实验结果也从双语角度证明了,整合编码能促进熟悉性在维吾尔语联结再认中发挥作用。本研究结果的实践意义在于,为我国少数民族学生习得国家通用语言文字提供了认知神经科学依据。 Recent research has indicated that humans exhibit better item recognition when working with their second language (L2) than in their first (L1). Associative and item recognition are based on different retrieval information and retrieval processes, even though they share certain characteristics. In the present study, we investigated whether bilingual associative recognition performance was better in L2 than in L1. We asked participants to complete two study-test tasks that were presented in Chinese or Uygur, as appropriate. During the study phase, participants were instructed to remember either compound or unrelated word pairs. Participants were then asked to indicate whether word pairs were intact, rearranged, or new. According to the dual-process model of recognition memory, recognition can be mediated by two functionally distinct processes known as familiarity and recollection. Familiarity is a subjective feeling of prior encounter associated with an early (300~500 ms) frontal old/new effect (FN400). Recollection provides access to detailed information about the prior occurrence of an item and its associated episodic context, which is reflected by a later (500~800 ms) left parietal old/new effect (LPC). Traditionally, most researchers have assumed that associative recognition depended only on recollection, but more and more researchers have suggested that familiarity could also support associative recognition under unitized encoding conditions. In the present study, we manipulated levels of unitization (LOU) through semantic relations of word pairs. In the unitization condition (compound word pairs), two words can be processed as a single coherent entity or an object. In contrast, in the non-unitization condition (unrelated word pairs), two items can only be treated as two separate objects. The current experiment found (1) associative recognition was more rapid in L2 than in L1 for both compound and unrelated word pairs, and the accuracy of associative recognition was higher in L2 for compound word pairs but eq

关 键 词： 联结再认 双语 整合编码 熟悉性 回想

领　　域： [哲学宗教—基础心理学] [哲学宗教—心理学]