作　　者： ;

机构地区： 集美大学文学院

出　　处： 《语言科学》 2017年第4期384-405,共22页

摘　　要： 以往研究认同闽南方言持续体标记或来源于"著"或来源于介词结构。文章通过对历史文献和现实方言的全面考察,认为闽南方言存在A、B两类持续体标记,A类选择非表客观存在主要表主观倾向的句子;B类选择表客观存在的句子。A、B两类最初形式分别是"处"、"在处"。它们分别源于指代词"只/许处"和介词结构"在十只/许处"。值得一提的是,后者是在"动宾结构‘在+只/许处'→动词‘在处'"这一演变链的催化下产生的。两类持续体标记产生时都处于半虚化之中,后来都彻底虚化为持续体标记"咧"。其中,"在处"语法化为"咧"经历了两个不同的发展路径。之后,持续体标记"咧"又以多种不同的方式进一步演化,最后大都演变为语气词。文章同时讨论了"咧"的来源及其语法化各个阶段在闽台各地闽南方言中的语音表现。 Previous researches have held that the durative aspect markers in the Southern Min dialects was derived from ＂zhe＂ （著） or from a preposition construction. Through careful investigation on relevant lit- erature as well as current dialects in use, the article finds that there are two types of durative aspect markers in the Southern Min dialects. Type A occurring as ＂lie＂ （ 咧 ） select sentences that express non-objective exist- ence and show subjective tendency. Type B occurring as ＂zailie＂ （在咧） and ＂lie＂ select sentences that ex- press objective existence. Type A and Type B have originated from ＂chu＂ （处） and ＂zaiehu＂ （在处） re- spectively which, in turn, had been derived respectively from the demonstrative pronoun ＂zhi/xu chu＂ （只/许处） and the prepositional construction ＂zai＋zhi/xuehu＂ （在＋只/许处）. It is worth mentioning that the lat- ter has come into being under the catalysis of the evolving chain [ verb-object construction ＂zai＋zhi/xuehu＂---~ verb ＂zaichu＂ ]. In the initial period when the two types of durative aspect markers emerged, they were just a semi-functional word, and subsequently they all developed into the durative aspect marker ＂lie＂. Moreover, ＂zaichu＂ has developed into the durative aspect marker ＂lie＂ following two different paths. The durative as- pect marker ＂lie＂ has developed into a variety of different forms, most of which have become a modal particle. The article also discusses the origin of the durative aspect marker ＂lie＂ and its phonetic features at various sta- ges of its grammaticalization in the Southern Min dialects of Fujian and Taiwan.

关 键 词： 闽南方言 持续体标记 句类 指代词 介词结构 语法化

领　　域： [语言文字—汉语]