作　　者： ;

机构地区： 集美大学文学院

出　　处： 《语言科学》 2020年第5期511-541,共31页

摘　　要： 文章通过对历史文献和现实方言的全面考察,认为闽南方言存在A、B两类进行体标记,它们的最初形式分别是“处”“在处”,分别源于指代词“只/许处”和介词结构“在+只/许处”。A、B两类对句类的选择完全一致,所选择的句子可以归纳为表客观已然的句子和非表客观已然的句子两大类。A类的使用不具有语用意义,B类的使用具有语用意义。A、B两类进行体标记的产生和发展都是在Vp之前和Vp1、Vp2之间这两个句法位置进行的。通过A、B两类进行体标记的产生和发展与A、B两类持续体标记的产生和发展(陈曼君2017)的对比,可以看出A、B两类进行体标记的产生和发展同A、B两类持续体标记有密切的关联。A、B两类进行体标记产生时都处于半虚化状态,后来都分别彻底虚化为“咧”“在咧”,并分别发展成为语素“咧”和介词“在咧”。泉州、厦门、台湾三地闽南方言进行体标记语音弱化的速度呈不平衡发展,这正是三地方言进行体标记语法化进程不同的具体反映。本研究打破了闽南方言等方言进行体、持续体标记唯方所介词结构来源论这一格局,为汉语方言乃至人类语言进行体、持续体标记的来源及其语法化研究提供了一个新视角。 Through carefully investigati on the historical documents as well as dialects currently in use,the paper finds that there are A and B two types of progressive aspect markers in the Southern Min dialects.Type A and Type B have originated from chu(处)and zaichu(在处)which had respectively been originated from the demonstrative pronoun zhii/xu chu(只/许处)and the prepositional construction zai+zhii/xu chu(在+只/许处).The two types A and B select the same two sentence categories.One category are the sentences that express objective existence.The other category are the sentences that express non-objective existence.Type A does not have pragmatic meaning,whereas Type B has pragmatic meaning.The generation and development of the two types of progressive aspect markers function before the Vp and between Vp1 and Vp2.By comparing the generation and development of the two types of progressive aspect markers and those of the two types of durative aspect markers(Chen Manjun 2017),it can be seen that the generation and development of the two types of progressive aspect markers are closely related to the two types of durative aspect markers.The two types of progressive aspect markers assumed a semi-grammatical state when they were generated,and subsequently completely grammaticalized into lie(咧)and zailie(在咧)respectively,and finally in turn developed into the morphemes lie and preposition zailie respectively.The speed of weakening of the phonetic forms of progressive aspect markers in the Southern Min dialects of Quanzhou,Xiamen and Taiwan shows an unbalanced development,which also demonstrates exactly the difference of the process of grammarization of progressive aspect markers in the three dialects.The paper disagrees with the theory that progressive aspect markers and durative aspect markers were derived from prepositional constructions and establishes another paradigm for the origin and grammaticalization of progressive aspect markers and durative aspect markers in Chinese dialects and even in other human la

关 键 词： 闽南方言 进行体标记 语用 指代词 介词结构 语法化 关系

领　　域： [语言文字—汉语]