作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中山大学人文科学学院历史系

出　　处： 《全球史评论》 2017年第2期85-100,300,共17页

摘　　要： 早期欧洲殖民者对澳大利亚环境的破坏与改造通常被归因为他们不适应并厌斥新环境,但新近的研究表明殖民者对澳大利亚环境的认知其实是复杂多样的。囚犯、自由定居者、官员与专业人士面对类似的自然环境,却具有不同的理解以及相关的实践反应。各人际遇、知识结构以及职业习惯都影响其对新生存环境的态度和利用。与对于新移民而言,不仅是原住民,陌生的殖民地原生环境也影响了他们对'他者'的想象,这反过来塑造了其环境改造活动。 It is widely recognized that Early European colonists dramatically destroyed or transformed the Australian landscape because they disliked the environment. While the latest research showed that the environmental cognition of the earliest colonists was complicated and not necessarily negative. Criminals, free settlers and official staff had different attitudes towards the similar environment and their personal experiences, knowledge, careers and values influenced their behaviors in utilizing the environment. For those new immigrants, not just the aboriginals, the strange environment affected a lot their imagination of " the other," in the early Australian colonial society, which in turn shaped their environmental transformation activities.

关 键 词： 殖民者 澳大利亚 殖民地 他者 英帝国 塔斯马尼亚岛 生态体系 流放犯

领　　域： [历史地理—历史学] [历史地理—世界史]