作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华中科技大学人文学院哲学系

出　　处： 《广东社会科学》 2018年第1期57-66,254-255,共10页

摘　　要： 黑格尔把哲学理解为把握在精神中的时代。他所说的这个时代就是革命和变革的时代。他把这个时代说成是现代。黑格尔哲学就是对于现代社会不断变革状况的理论概括,是具有现代性的哲学。而现代性是黑格尔所说的现实性概念的核心内容。然而在黑格尔哲学中现实性除了具有现代性的意义之外,还有本体论的意义。黑格尔哲学中的现实性概念的本体论意义恰恰与黑格尔对于现代性的自我确证密切相关的。在黑格尔的早期哲学中,他试图从传统的宗教观念中来确证现代性的正当性,即用宗教来解决现代社会变革中所出现的分裂。然而用传统的东西来确证现代性不是对于现代性的自我确证。后来黑格尔试图通过意识的自我反思来确证现代性。虽然这是现代性的自我确证,但是黑格尔的这种自我确证对于现代性进行如此有说服力的证明,现代性成为否定之否定中的一个必然环节(现实性的本体论意义由此而产生),以至于现代性的自我确证本身早就被预知了。哈贝马斯试图改变这种意识的自我反思的思路,从商议民主的视角来说明现代性的正当性。虽然哈贝马斯的思路是有缺陷的,但是也有一定的借鉴意义。现代社会的变革既不能用传统来确证,也不能借助于人的自我反思来进行,而要借助于商议民主的方式来证明其正当性。 Hegel takes philosophy as the time which is comprehended in spirit. The time he understands is the time of revolution and reformation. He understands the time as modern( Die Neuzeit). Hegel' s philosophy is the theoretical summary of the changing situation of modern society,and has the characteristic of modernity. Modernity is the core meaning of the concept of reality which Hegel often uses. Meanwhile in Hegel' s philosophy,the concept of reality has a ontological meaning besides the meaning of modernity.The ontological meaning of reality is just relevant to Hegel' s self-justification of modernity. In Hegel' s early philosophy he tries to justify modernity with the assistance of traditional religion,namely using tradi-tional religion to heal the fracture caused by social change of the modern times. But to use traditional religion to justify modernity is not self-justification of modernity. Later Hegel tries to use the conscious selfreflection to justify modernity. This exactly is the self-justification of modernity,but Hegel' s self-justification is so manifest that modernity becomes the necessary moment of the negation of negation. And the self-justification of modernity has already been predicted. Habermas tries to change the method of conscious self-reflection,and uses the theory of deliberative democracy to justify modernity. Habermas' s perspective has its own deficit,but it also has some heuristic meaning. The reformation of modern society can' t be justified by tradition,nor can it be justified by self-reflection,but will only be justified by deliberative democracy.

关 键 词： 黑格尔 现代性 自我反思 哈贝马斯

领　　域： [哲学宗教—外国哲学]