作　　者： (）;

机构地区： 北京大学深圳医院

出　　处： 《影像研究与医学应用》 2019年第8期1-4,共4页

摘　　要： 新生儿颅脑疾病是影响新生儿神经系统发育和预后的重要病因,早期诊断及治疗对降低新生儿病死率、减少后遗症有重要临床指导价值。目前新生儿颅脑疾病筛查及诊断的主要影像学检查方法有计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)、磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)、颅脑超声(cerebral ultrasound,CUS)。CT因具放射性,已被建议向其他形式的神经成像过渡,而MRI虽被认为是颅脑检查的最好方法,但是因耗时长、费用高、运送高危患儿及镇静可能产生风险而使其应用受限。CUS自20世纪70年代末应用于临床以来,以其价廉、无辐射、不需要镇静、可床旁快速扫查等优点,已成为评价新生儿颅脑结构的重要方法。现就其在新生儿颅脑疾病中的应用现状及及进展作一综述。 Neonatal craniocerebral disease is an important cause of neonatal nervous system development and prognosis.Early diagnosis and treatment have important clinical guiding value for reducing neonatal mortality and sequelae.At present,the main imaging methods for screening and diagnosis of neonatal brain diseases include computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and cerebral ultrasound(CUS).CT,because of its radioactivity,has been recommended for the transition to other forms of neuroimaging,and MRI,although considered the best method of craniocerebral examination,is limited in its application due to its long time,high cost,the possible risks of transporting high-risk children and sedation.Since its clinical application in the late 1970s,CUS has become an important method to evaluate the brain structure of neonates with its advantages of low price,no radiation,no need for sedation,and rapid bedside scanning.The present situation and progress of its application in neonatal craniocerebral diseases are reviewed.

关 键 词： 颅脑超声 新生儿 进展

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