作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处： 《中华疾病控制杂志》 2020年第3期269-273,共5页

摘　　要： 目的探讨2014-2018年广东省广州市≥60岁老年人跌倒/坠落伤害病例流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定老年人伤害预防提供依据。方法对2014-2018年广州市伤害监测哨点医院的首诊伤害病例进行分布描述及流行病学特征分析。结果5间伤害监测哨点医院共报告老年跌倒/坠落患者9503例,占其总伤害的49.41%,连续5年顺位第一。男女性别比为1∶1.67。患者多为小学或初中文化,发生于10-12月构成比较高,多发生在家中,常见于休闲活动或生命活动;跌倒常导致头部或下肢受伤,多为挫伤/擦伤或骨折;程度为轻中度。多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析显示,女性、高龄、文化程度较高、12月-次年2月、家中、步行、休闲活动和生命活动是广州市老年跌倒/坠落伤害的危险因素(均有P<0.001)。结论跌倒/坠落是广州市老年人伤害发生的首要原因,特别是老年女性人群,应根据其分布特征制定相应的预防和干预措施。 Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of fall of elderly aged≥60 years in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018,so as to provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures.Methods Data on fall of the elderly was collected from the first diagnosis in injury surveillance hospitals in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018,and distribution description and epidemiological analysis were adopted.Results 9503 cases of fall of the elderly were reported in 5 injury surveillance hospitals,accounting for 49.41%of injuries in the elderly,and had occupied the first place in the cause of injury in 5 consecutive years.The sex ratio of men to women was 1∶1.67.Most of the patients had a primary or junior school degree,high rate in October-December,mainly occurred at home when doing leisure activities or life activities.The fall mainly led to injuries of head or lower extremities,contributed to contusion/bruise or fracture.And most of them were mild and moderate injury.Logistic regression showed that female,old age,high educational level,December to February,at home,walking,leisure activities and life activities were risk factors for falling among the elderly in Guangzhou(all P<0.001).Conclusions Fall is the primary cause of injuries to the elderly in Guangzhou,especially the elderly female population.The targeted prevention and intervention measures should be developed according to their distribution characteristics.

关 键 词： 跌倒 坠落 老年人 流行病学 监测 影响因素

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