作　　者： ;

机构地区： 南方医科大学

出　　处： 《医学动物防制》 2019年第10期983-985,共3页

摘　　要： 目的了解2013-2017年中山市某院骨科手术病人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染状况,以便采取相应的护理措施,减少交叉感染。方法采用ELISA法检测接受手术治疗的病人血清HBV抗原(HBs Ag)及抗体。结果 2013-2017年共收治25 461例手术病人,其中HBs Ag阳性病人105例,HBs Ag阳性率为0. 41%(105/25 461),历年手术病人HBs Ag阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=6. 539,P> 0. 05),不同年份HBV抗原/抗体阳性率无明显上升趋势或下降趋势(χ^2=0. 177,P> 0. 05);男性手术病人HBs Ag阳性率为0. 54%,明显高于女性病人的0. 13%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=22. 755,P <0. 05);10~岁组HBs Ag阳性率最低,为0. 11%(2/7 034);30~岁组HBs Ag阳性率最高,为0. 74%(52/7 034);不同年龄组病人HBs Ag阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=37. 279,P <0. 05);不同月份手术病人HBs Ag阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1. 097,P> 0. 05)。结论应加强外科手术病人的术前传染病血清学检测,有针对性地采取相应护理措施,以减少经手术传播的风险。 Objective To investigate the status of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in orthopaedic surgery patients in Zhongshan City from 2013 to 2017,so as to take corresponding nursing measures to reduce the incidence of cross infection. Methods The serum HBV antigen and antibody were detected by ELISA in patients undergoing surgery. Results From 2013 to 2017,25 461 surgical patients were admitted. Among them,105 were HBs Ag positive,the positive rate of HBs Ag was 0. 41%(105/25 461). The positive rate of HBs Ag in surgical patients was not statistically significant(χ^2= 6. 539,P > 0. 05). The positive rate of HBV antigen/antibody did not increase or decrease significantly in different years(χ^2= 0. 177,P = 0. 647). The positive rate of HBs Ag in male patients was 0. 54%,which was significantly higher than that of female patients(0. 13%). The difference was statistically significant(χ^2= 22. 755,P < 0. 05). The lowest positive rate of HBs Ag was 10 ~ years old group(0. 11%)(2/7 034). The positive rate of HBs Ag in the group of 30 years old was the highest,which was 0. 74%(52/7 034). The positive rate of HBs Ag in different age groups was significantly different(χ^2= 37. 279,P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBs Ag among patients undergoing operation in different months(χ^2= 1. 097,P > 0. 05). Conclusion Serological examination of infectious diseases should be strengthened in surgical patients before operation,and corresponding nursing measures should be taken to reduce the risk of surgical transmission.

关 键 词： 骨科手术 乙型肝炎 感染状况 护理对策

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