作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中南财经政法大学财政税务学院

出　　处： 《财政研究》 2020年第6期105-120,共16页

摘　　要： 本文通过构建一个多指标多原因(MIMIC)模型,对我国各省(区、市)营商环境的决定因素和影响效应进行了分析,构建并测算了各省1995-2016年间的营商环境评价指数。研究发现,政府规模、法治水平、政府分权、劳动力素质、融资环境、创新活力、基础设施以及对外开放水平是提高营商环境水平的主要决定因素,而税收负担、劳动力成本、政府腐败和犯罪是导致营商环境恶化的主要原因。优化营商环境可以显著地提高地区FDI水平和新增就业规模,且有助于促进经济增长、缩小收入分配差距。营商环境评价指数的测算结果表明,全国各省营商环境评价指数的平均值从1995年的26.48上升到2016年的62.86,我国营商环境建设成效显著,营商环境不断改善。但不同地区营商环境存在较大差异,其中,东部地区营商环境水平最高,中部地区次之,西部地区最低。 By constructing a model considering multiply causes and multiply indicators(MIMIC),this paper analyses the determinants and effects of the business environment in China,and constructs the business environment evaluation index of each province from 1995 to 2016.The results show that government regulation,the rule of law,government decentralization,the quality of labor force,financing environment,technological environment,infrastructure construction level and trade openness are the main factors to optimize business environment,while tax burden,labor cost,corruption and criminal activities are the main reasons for the deterioration of business environment.Optimizing the business environment can significantly improve the level of regional FDI and the scale of new employment,and promote economic growth and narrow the income distribution gap.The result of business environment evaluation index shows that China has made some achievements in improving business environment.The average value of business environment evaluation index in all provinces has increased from 26.48 in 1995 to 62.86 in 2016.However,there is a big difference in the level of business environment among different regions.The business environment in the eastern region is the best,followed by that in the central region and the business environment in the western region is the lowest.

关 键 词： 营商环境 决定因素 影响效应 评价指数 模型

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