作　　者： (）;

机构地区： 广东医科大学

出　　处： 《中国医学创新》 2019年第23期150-154,共5页

摘　　要： 目的:评估分析ICU留置人工气道患者发生医疗器械相关性压力性损伤的原因,为加强人工气道患者医疗器械相关性压力性损伤的预防及管理提供依据.方法:对2017年7月-2018年6月ICU留置人工气道的患者进行追踪调查,由危重症护理小组每月对ICU留置人工气道患者调查,专人查阅相关护理记录,调查人工气道患者医疗器械相关性压力性损伤发生的情况和产生的原因,并针对发生原因共同讨论制定干预措施.结果:共调查分析了318例ICU留置人工气道患者,发生医疗器械相关性压力性损伤患者19例,发生率为5.97%.其中留置气管插管患者发生医疗器械相关性压力性损伤16例,占84.21%;发生部位前3位的人工气道患者医疗器械相关性压力性损伤是口角、颈部及上颚,按照压力性损伤护理指南给予干预处理后,16例患者压疮愈合,愈合时间6~14 d,平均(7.54±2.36)d,2例死亡,1例自动出院.结论:ICU留置人工气道患者发生医疗器械相关性压力性损伤的原因为多方面的,医护人员对医疗器械相关性压力性损伤的认识和干预是重要的防控手段.提示ICU留置人工气道患者应关注医疗器械相关性压力性损伤,重点在于观察及预防,及时进行干预,减除压迫和进行局部保护. Objective:To evaluate and analyze the causes of pressure injury related to medical devices in ICU patients with artificial airway, so as to provide a basis for strengthening prevention and management of pressure injury related to medical devices in patients with artificial airway.Method:A follow-up survey was conducted on the patients with artificial airway in ICU from July 2017 to June 2018,ICU patients with artificial airway were investigated by critical care team every month,and the relevant nursing records were consulted,the occurrence and causes of medical instrument-related stress injury in patients with artificial airway were investigated, and the intervention measures were discussed according to the causes.Result:A total of 318 ICU patients with artificial airway were investigated and analyzed,and 19 patients with medical-device-related pressure injury occurred, with an incidence of 5.97%.Sixteen patients with indwelling endotracheal intubation suffered pressure injury related to medical devices, accounting for 84.21%,in the first three former with artificial airway,the pressure injuries associated with medical devices were mouth angle,neck and palate,after intervention treatment according to the nursing guidelines for pressure injuries,16 patients with pressure ulcers healed, healing time of 6-14 d, with an average( 7.54±2.36)d,2 patients died,and 1 patient was discharged from hospital automatically. Conclusion:Artificial airway in patients with indwelling medical devices in the ICU correlation pressure damage for many reasons,medical personnel to the understanding of the correlation between stress damage of medical equipment and intervention is an important means of prevention and control,prompt ICU patients with artificial airway lien should focus on medical equipment correlation pressure damage,the emphasis is on observation and prevention,timely intervention,minus the oppression and local protection.

关 键 词： 人工气道 医疗器械 压力性损伤 原因 对策

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