作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广州大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《广州大学学报（自然科学版）》 2018年第6期41-45,57,共6页

摘　　要： SiO_2微球是一种新型的功能材料,具有无毒无害、尺寸可控、易功能化等特点,被广泛应用于诸多领域.溶胶-凝胶法操作简便、副反应少、产物颗粒均一、过程易控,是制备SiO_2微球最为常用的一种方法,其反应机理是以TEOS作为硅源,在氨水的催化作用下发生水解、缩合反应最终生成SiO_2微球.合成效果受TEOS和氨水的浓度、溶剂的种类和用量、反应温度与合成时间等多种因素影响.传统的溶胶-凝胶法具有容易团聚、单分散性差、所需时间较长等缺点,许多研究者对其做出了大量的改进和完善,衍生出了连续滴定法和分步滴定法等新方法.功能化SiO_2微球的制备目前还缺乏统一的制备标准,尚未实现大规模的工业化生产,制备过程需要不断优化,且成本较高,难以大范围推广,因此,建立起成熟的理论模型,研发出一种固定配方、可大规模可控性生产的溶胶-凝胶法是未来研究工作的重点. SiO2 microspheres,a new functional material,are widely used in many fields with non-toxic,harmless,size-controlled and easy-functionalized characteristics.At present,sol-gel method is one of the most available preparation methods,it has simple operation,less side reactions and dimensional homogeneity.The reaction mechanism is that under the catalytic action of ammonia water,TEOS undergoes hydrolysis and condensation reactions,forming SiO2 microspheres finally.The synthetic effect is affected by many factors,such as the concentration of TEOS and ammonia water,the variety and dosage of solvent,reaction temperature,synthesis time,etc.Traditional sol-gel method has disadvantages of easy agglomeration,poor monodispersity and long synthesis time,etc.And many researchers have made a lot of improvements on it,deriving new methods such as continuous titration and stepwise titration,etc.Lack of unified standards makes it difficult to achieve large-scale industrial production,and the complex optimization process and high cost limit a wide spread of the functional SiO2 microspheres.Therefore,it is important to establish a mature theoretical model and develop a sol-gel method with fixed formula and large-scale controllable production in the future.

关 键 词： 溶胶 凝胶法 微球 工业化生产

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