作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中山市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处： 《热带医学杂志》 2017年第4期540-542,共3页

摘　　要： 目的调查中山市某小学多名急性胃肠炎病例的感染来源、传播途径和危险因素。方法制定病例定义开展病例搜索,采用描述性流行病学方法描述病例的临床特征、流行曲线和人群分布。通过回顾性队列研究探索危险因素。结果共发现疑似病例39例,实验室确诊病例9例,学校总罹患率为3.3%(39/1 192)。39个病例均为学生,分布在7个班,其中四(4)班和四(3)班罹患率最高,不同班级之间的罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=403.709,P<0.01)。回顾性队列研究提示:23日中午经过四(4)班和四(3)班外的走廊,并见到呕吐物,其发病风险增加(RR=4.23,95%CI:1.09~8.56)。结论本次诺如暴发疫情主要是由于呕吐物未能及时和规范处理,可能是通过气溶胶传播导致。 Objective To study an acute gastroenteritis epidemic in one primary school on its source of infection,mode of transmission and risk factors of the infection,in Zhongshan city. Methods Case definition was set to search for acute gastroenteritis cases. Retrospective cohort study was carried out to explore risk factors. Results A total of 39 suspected cases were found;among which,9 were confirmed cases,and the attack rate was 3.3%（39/1 192）. All of the cases were students,who were distributed in 7 classes and the attack rates among different classes were significantly different（χ^2=403.709,P〈0.01）.The retrospective cohort study indicated that passing through the passage outside class 4（4）and 4（3）smelling of vomit substances at noon on Feb 23 increased the risk of infection（RR=4.23,95%CI：1.09-8.56）. Conclusions The failure of cleaning up the vomits promptly and according to standard procedure and aerosol transmission of the norovirus were the main risk factors of this outbreak in the primary school.

关 键 词： 诺如病毒 暴发 气溶胶传播 学校

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