作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

出　　处： 《外国语》 2015年第3期24-32,共9页

摘　　要： 汉语中的＂差点儿没VP＂是一种所谓的＂羡余否定结构＂,内嵌＂差点儿＂与＂没＂双重否定词项,但依然表达一种否定意义而不是肯定意义。按照传统语法,其中的＂没＂是个羡余否定词,因为它并没有与＂差点儿＂一起构建双重否定功能,因此认定＂差点儿没VP＂与＂差点儿VP＂具有相同的语义真值。本文拟从构式语法、语言离散性和主观移情等三个视角重新探讨这一结构的认知机制,重点聚焦其中＂没＂的认知功能。研究发现,＂差点儿没VP＂是一种具有完型特征的语法构式,有其自身的特殊语用含义,其中的＂没＂经过漫长的语法化后,在其否定功能之外还衍生出＂离散性＂和＂主观移情＂双重标记功能。因此,汉语羡余否定构式中的＂没＂是个不可或缺的多重认知功能标记,并非是个可有可无的羡余标记。 As a pleonastic negation structure（ PNS）,chadianr ＋ mei ＋ VP is composed of two negative lexical entities,namely chadianr and mei,but the double negative words combine to express a kind of negative meaning rather than a positive one. Within the framework of traditional grammar,＂mei＂is taken as a marker of pleonastic negation,for it does not involve itself in the construction of double negation. Thus,chadianr ＋ mei ＋ VP and chadianr ＋ VP are assumed to possess the same semantic value. In the present paper,an attempt is made to probe into the cognitive mechanism of PNS from the perspectives of Construction Grammar,linguistic discreteness and empathy of subjectivity respectively. The findings indicate that chadianr ＋ mei ＋ VP and the like are a kind of construction characterized by a gestalt with stereotyped pragmatic meaning. Furthermore,＂mei＂works as a multi-function marker of discreteness and empathy inherent in the construction. Thus,＂mei＂is truly an indispensable cognitive marker rather than a syntactic fifth wheel.

关 键 词： 羡余否定 羡余标记 构式 离散性 移情

分 类 号： [H04]

领　　域： []