作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广州体育学院

出　　处： 《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》 2007年第52期 10428-10432,共5页

摘　　要： 目的：从性别、城乡、年龄等方面对广州市3-6岁幼儿身体素质的各项指标进行统计和比较，了解幼儿身体素质的发展状况及其变化的特征。方法：实验于2000—03／10以随机整群抽样法选取广州市各区幼儿园的3-6岁幼儿2106名，其中男1065名，女1041名；城市幼儿1490名，农村幼儿616名。按照《国民体质测定标准手册》（幼儿部分）中规定的评定方法进行调查和统计。素质类指标包括坐位体前屈、立定跳远、网球掷远、双脚连续跳、10m折返跑、走平衡木。结果：①城市组幼儿坐位体前屈、立定跳远和10m折返跑成绩均好于农村组幼儿，除10m折返跑城乡间差异不显著（P〉0.05），其他两项指标城乡间差异显著（P〈0．01）。农村组幼儿网球掷远、双脚连续跳、走平衡木的成绩好于城市组幼儿，但只走平衡木指标差异存在显著性（P〈0．01），其他两项指标差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。②农村男幼儿网球掷远、双脚连续跳、走平衡木成绩要好于城市男幼儿，且除双脚连续跳成绩差异无显著性（P〉0．05），其他两项均差异具有非常显著性（P〈0．01）。农村女幼儿只双脚连续跳和走平衡木成绩略好于城市女幼儿，但差异并无显著性（P〉0．05）。其他4项指标均是城市女幼儿好于农村女幼儿，且除网球掷远（P〉0．05）外差异均存在显著性（P〈0．01）。③幼儿力量素质、协调性、灵敏性和平衡能力等身体素质均随着年龄的增加而不断提高，柔韧性则随年龄的增长而不断下降。④城乡幼儿的坐位体前屈、立定跳远、网球掷远、双脚连续跳、10m折返跑、走平衡木等指标均在3～5岁间有较大的变化，在5～6岁间的变化幅度和变化比率均有大幅度减少。结论：①幼儿力量素质、协调性、灵敏性和平衡能力等身体素质均随着年龄的增加而不断提高，柔韧性则随年 AIM： To summarize and compare each index of physical fitness in 3-6 years young children of Guangzhou city on the aspects of sex, city or countryside, age and so on, to understand the development and changed characteristics of physical fitness in young children. METHODS： Totally 2 106 young children aged 3-6 years were enrolled from kindergartens of Guangzhou city by randomized cluster sampling method from March to October 2000, including 1 065 males and 1 041 females, 1 490 from city and 616 from countryside. On the basis of National Physical Fitness Measurement Standard （young children branch）, physical fitness was investigated and summarized. Indexes of fitness included anterior flexion in sitting position, standing long jump, tennis throw for distance, continuously jumping with feet, 10 m reentry run and balance wood. RESULTS： （1）Scores of anterior flexion in sitting position, standing long jump and 10 m reentry run in city group were higher than those in the countryside group. There was no significant difference in 10 m reentry run （P 〉 0.05）, and there were significant differences in other two indexes between city group and countryside group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of tennis throw for distance, continuously jumping with feet and balance wood in the countryside group were higher than those in the city group, but there were significant differences only in balance wood （P 〈 0.01）, and there was no significant difference in other two indexes （P 〉 0.05）. （2）The scores of tennis throw for distance, continuously jumping with feet and balance wood in male children from countryside were higher than those in the male children from city, and there was no significant difference in score of continuously jumping with feet （P 〉 0.05）, and there were very significant differences in other two indexes （P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of continuously jumping with feet and balance wood in female children from countryside were slightly higher than those in female children from city,

关 键 词： 抽样研究 广东 身体素质 年龄因素 城乡因素 儿童,学龄前

分 类 号： [R194]

领　　域： []