作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

出　　处： 《语言科学》 2016年第4期422-438,共17页

摘　　要： 广州话口语土俗词“埋” mai，有靠近（埋站）、聚拢（埋堆：指物聚拢一堆）、完毕（做埋）等含义，既可作动词，也可作动词词尾和形容词乃至介词。根据对粤、客家、闽等方言同源词的考察及以对历史文献的考证，可以认定：广州话中表示“靠近、聚拢、完毕”义的“埋”，仅仅是同音替代字，其本字是来自明母戈韵的表“迫近”义的“摩”。这个字分别读[ai][uoi][ua][oi]等韵母是粤、闽、客等方言上古歌部字读音在现代方言中白读层的遗存。以此为基础，还可以考证西南官话扣一些韵母为[ai]的土俗词的语源。 The Cantonese vernacular word ＂maaih＂[ mai], conventionally written as ＂mai＂（埋）, is a polysemant which embraces the following interrelated semantic items： （1） to approach, as in [ mai tsam];（2） to gather, as in [ mai toy]; （3） a perfective aspectual marker, as in [tsou mai], etc. A comparative study based on the close examination of its cognates found in historical documents as well as in other dialects around Guangdong Province, such as Toishan, Hakka and Swatow, has demonstrated that the etymological character of the Cantonese ＂maaih＂[ mai ] is ＂too＂ （摩） （initial category ＂ming＂（明） and rhyme category ＂ge＂（戈） in Middle Chinese phonology） instead of the homophonic substitution ＂mai＂. The rhyme of this character varies in pronunciation as [ai][uoi][ua][oi] in Yue, Min and Hakka dialects, resulting from different historical strata of the Old Chinese rhyme category ＂ge＂（歌） retained in the colloquial readings of modern Sinitic dialects. Thereupon, the etymological sources of some vernacular words in Southwestern Mandarin can also be analyzed and deciphered.

关 键 词： 粤语 埋 摩 考本字

分 类 号： [H139]

领　　域： []