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不同喂养和分娩方式对婴儿巨细胞病毒感染的影响及其结局
Effect of different feeding patterns and delivery modes on cytomegalovirus infection in infants and their outcomes

作  者: (朱晓琴); (陈丽平); (刘兰华); (徐陈瑜); (许碧云); (徐飚); (陈廷美); (胡娅莉); (周乙华);

机构地区: 江苏省淮安市妇幼保健院保健部,212002

出  处: 《中华围产医学杂志》 2017年第8期571-576,共6页

摘  要: 目的研究不同喂养方式和分娩方式对出生胎龄≥32周新生儿/婴儿巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)感染的影响以及感染结局。 方法纳入2013年3月至2016年2月在本协作组5家医院分娩的CMV IgG阳性且IgM阴性孕妇378例及其子代384例(其中6对为双胎),子代出生孕周均≥32周。采用酶联免疫吸附法,检测母亲和婴儿保存的血清CMV IgM和IgG抗体。根据是否母乳喂养,将这些研究对象分为完全人工喂养组和母乳喂养组(包括完全母乳喂养和混合喂养),分析不同分娩和喂养方式与新生儿/婴儿CMV感染的关系以及感染结局。采用t检验、χ2检验(或Fisher精确概率法)对数据进行统计分析。 结果(1)378例产妇中,母乳喂养组186例,婴儿190例(其中4对为双胎),分娩孕周为(38.9±1.4)周,男婴104例(54.7%),随访月龄为(9.8±2.2)个月;完全人工喂养组192例,婴儿194例(其中2对为双胎),分娩孕周(38.7±1.7)周,男婴109例(56.2%),随访月龄(10.5±2.9)个月。2组间孕产妇和婴儿基本情况相似(P值均〉0.05)。(2)母乳喂养组婴儿CMV IgG的阳性率为62.6%(119/190),高于完全人工喂养组婴儿的29.9%(58/194)(χ2=41.403,P〈0.001)。子代CMV IgG水平均高于母体[(537.1±249.5)与(416.2±241.2)U/ml,t=4.609,P〈0.001]。CMV IgG阳性婴儿中,母乳喂养与完全人工喂养组CMV IgM阳性率相似[21.0%(25/119)与19.0%(11/58),χ2=0.101,P=0.751)。(3)阴道分娩婴儿CMV IgG阳性率为55.2%(95/172),高于剖宫产出生婴儿的38.7%(82/212)(χ2=10.474,P=0.001)。进一步分析发现,在完全人工喂养组中,阴道分娩婴儿CMV IgG阳性率明显高于剖宫产出生的婴儿[42.9%(33/77)与21.4%(25/117),χ2=10.231,P=0.001];而母乳喂养组中,剖宫产与阴道分娩婴儿CMV IgG阳性率差异无统计学意义。(4)CMV IgG阳性和阴性婴� ObjectiveTo explore the influence of delivery mode and feeding pattern on cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on infants born ≥32 gestational weeks, and to observe the outcomes after CMV infection.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 378 pregnant women with positive CMV IgG and negative CMV IgM, and their offsprings (384 cases, including six pairs of twins), who got visited at five hospitals of our collaboration group during March 2013 and February 2016, were enrolled. Serum samples were retrieved from a previous study of these participants for CMV IgM and IgG detection with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All participants were divided into exclusive artificial feeding (EAF) and breastfeeding groups (BF), and the latter included exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and mixed feeding (MF). T or Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were performed for statistical analysis.Results(1) Among the 378 pregnant women, there were 186 mothers and 190 infants (4 pairs of twins) in BF group, and the other 192 mothers and 194 infants (2 pairs of twins) in EAF group. The percentage of male infants were 54.7%(104/186) and 56.2%(109/194) in the BF and EAF group, respectively. The mean birth age was (38.9±1.4) and (38.7±1.7) weeks, and the age at following-up was (9.8±2.2) and (10.5±2.9) months, respectively. (2) The CMV IgG positive rate of infants in BF group was higher than in the EAF group [62.6%(119/190) vs 29.9% (58/194), χ2=41.403, P〈0.001]. CMV IgG levels in infants were higher than the mothers [(537.1±249.5) vs (416.2±241.2) U/ml, t=4.609, P〈0.001]. In infants with positive CMV IgG, the positive rates of CMV IgM were similar in the two groups [21.0%(25/119) vs 19.0% (11/58), χ2=0.101, P=0.751]. (3) The positive rate of CMV IgG in vaginally born infants was higher than those born by caesarean section [55.2 (95/172) vs 38.7% (82/212), χ2=10.472, P=0.001]. Further analysis in the EAF group showed that those infants born

关 键 词: 巨细胞病毒感染 母乳喂养 自然分娩 婴儿

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