作　　者： (孙灵英）; (袁月荣）; (董芬）; (蒋长征）;

机构地区： 宁波市江东区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315040

出　　处： 《中国疫苗和免疫》 2017年第4期419-424,共6页

摘　　要： 目的探索2型糖尿病患者接种流行性感冒(流感)疫苗的影响因素。方法通过1∶2配对病例对照研究,在2016年9月-2017年1月期间接种过流感疫苗的2型糖尿病患者中随机选取60例作为接种组,匹配的120例未接种疫苗的患者作为对照组,开展面对面问卷调查。结果接种组、对照组分别有76.67%、50.00%患者在过去一年内曾患过流感或普通感冒,平均治疗花费≥300元/次分别占10.87%、3.33%(χ~2=10.62,P=0.003)。Logistic回归分析显示,家人最高文化程度越高、家庭人均年收入越高、所患慢性病种类越多、有流感或普通感冒患病史、听说过流感疫苗、认为糖尿病患者需要接种流感疫苗和了解流感疫苗接种医保优惠政策的糖尿病患者,接种流感疫苗的可能性越大。结论 2型糖尿病患者接种流感疫苗受到认知、政策、自身健康、家庭等因素影响,应有针对性开展干预以提高2型糖尿病患者流感疫苗接种率。 Objective To determine factors influencing receipt of influenza vaccine among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods A 1∶ 2 matched case-control study was used to randomly choose 60 type 2diabetes mellitus patients who had received influenza vaccine from September 2016 to January 2017 as the vaccinated group,and choose 120 matched patients who did not receive influenza vaccine as a control group for a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results 76. 67% of the vaccinated group and 50. 00% of the control group had suffered from influenza or common colds in the previous year,with 10. 87% of the vaccinated group cases and 3. 33% of the control group cases whose average treatment expenses were ≥300 RMB per instance（χ~2= 10. 62,P = 0. 003）. Logistic regression showed that diabetes mellitus patients with higher family education,higher average annual family income,more chronic diseases,an influenza or common cold history,awareness of influenza vaccine,belief that type 2 diabetes mellitus patients need to receive the vaccine,and awareness of the preferential medical insurance policy for influenza immunization were more likely to accept influenza vaccine. Conclusions Receipt of influenza vaccine among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was influenced by knowledge,policy,health situation and family. We should conduct interventions to improve influenza vaccine coverage among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

关 键 词： 型糖尿病 预防接种 流行性感冒疫苗 影响因素 病例对照研究