作　　者： (刘敏）; (杨永锋）; (刘国顺）; (可钰）; (陈红丽）; (何春莉）;

机构地区： 河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处： 《土壤通报》 2017年第4期901-907,共7页

摘　　要： 2014~2015年,采用田间定位试验研究了不同有机物料配施化肥对烤烟移栽后45 d和移栽后90 d土壤不同形态有机碳的影响,设置的五种处理分别为单施化肥(T_1)、腐熟麦秸秆配施化肥(T_2)、生物炭配施化肥(T_3)、饼肥配施化肥(T_4)、牛粪配施化肥(T_5)。结果表明:T_5对土壤的有机碳(T_OC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、易氧化碳(LOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量的提高显著高于其它处理。T_1对土壤可矿化碳(PMC)含量的提高显著高于其它处理,T_3次之。在移栽后45 d,T_2和T_4较T_1能显著提高土壤T_OC含量分别为7.193%、2.209%,MBC含量分别为20.47%、30.86%、DOC含量分别为1.356%、4.879%和LOC含量分别56.49%、82.58%。移栽后90 d,T_2和T_4较T_1能显著提高MBC含量分别为20.94%、18.87%,DOC含量分别为40.80%、30.22%。通过主成分分析可知,各处理对植烟土壤不同形态有机碳含量的影响分别表现为:移栽后45 d时,T_5>T_4>T_2>T_3>T_1;移栽后90 d时,T_5>T_4>T_3>T_2>T_1。通过聚类分析可知,各处理对植烟土壤不同形态有机碳含量的影响都可分为3类:移栽后45 d时:第一类为T_5,第二类包括T_2、T_4,第三类包括T_1、T_3;移栽后90 d时:第一类为T_5,第二类包括T_2、T_4、T_3,第三类为T_1。表明植烟时牛粪最宜做基肥,饼肥和腐熟麦秸秆次之。 During 2014 and 2015, field experiments were carried out to study the effects of application of different organic materials with chemical fertilizers on different fractions of organic carbon （C） in the 45-day and 90-day period after planting （dap）. Five different fertilizer combinations included sole application of chemical fertilizer （T1）, thoroughly decomposed wheat straw combined with chemical fertilizer （T2）, biochar combined with chemical fertilizer （T3）, rapeseed cake fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer （T4）, and cattle manure combined with chemical fertilizer （T5）. Results showed that T5 significantly enriched total organic C （TOC）, microbial biomass C （MBC）, labile organic C （LOC） and dissolved organic C （DOC） in soil when compared with the other four treatments. T1 substantially improved potentially mineralized C （PMC） in soil and T3 also improved PMC to lesser extent. At 45 dap, T2 and T4 increased the contents of TOC （by 7.193% and 2.209%, respectively）, MBC （by 20.47% and 30.86%, respectively）, DOC （by 1.356% and 4.879%, respectively） and LOC （by 56.49% and 82.58%, respectively） compared with T1. At 90 dap, T2 and T4 also improved substantially MBC （by 20.94% and 18.87%, respectively） and DOC （by 40.80% and 30.22%, respectively） when compared with %. According to principal component analysis, the effects of different combinations of organic materials with chemical fertilizers on different fractions of organic C in tobacco fields were in the order of Ts 〉 T4 〉 T2 〉 T3 〉 T1 at 45 dap and in the order of T5 〉 T4 〉 T3 〉 T2 〉 T1 at 90 dap. According to cluster analysis, the classification of effects of different organic materials with chemical fertilizers on different fractions of organic C in tobacco fields fell into three categories： at 45 dap, the first category was T5, the second category included T2 and T4, and the third category included T1 and T3; at 90 dap, the first category was T5, the second catego

关 键 词： 有机物料 不同形态有机碳 主成分分析 聚类分析