作　　者： (张玥琦）; (刘慧）; (赵凤艳）; (张国显）; (李明静）; (杨丽娟）;

机构地区： 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处： 《土壤通报》 2017年第4期887-894,共8页

摘　　要： 设施内蔬菜连作土壤酚酸含量和微生物功能多样性的异常是导致连作障碍的关键因素。利用毛细管电泳及BiologECO生理学研究法研究了鸡粪(M)、鸡粪+K2SO4(MK)、鸡粪+稻草(MR)、鸡粪+稻草+K2SO4(MRK)对温室内番茄连作6年土壤中对羟基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、阿魏酸及肉桂酸及微生物功能多样性的影响,以不施肥处理为对照(CK)。结果表明:与CK相比,不同物料组合施用能够显著降低土壤中酚酸含量,其中MRK处理降低效果最明显,土壤中对羟基苯甲酸、苯甲酸分别降低7.11%~57.04%、81.84%~83.32%。不同物料组合施用提高了土壤微生物对碳源的利用强度,其中MRK处理土壤微生物对碳源利用能力最强,且微生物多样性指数最高,其Shannon和Mch Intosh多样性指数比其他处理平均提高3.93%~10.07%、6.22%~27.47%。主成分分析表明,M处理土壤的微生物功能多样性差异主要是由于氨基酸、羧酸类、聚合物或酚酸类碳源引起的,而MR处理则是由碳水化合物或胺类碳源引起。微生物多样性指数与土壤中对羟基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、阿魏酸及肉桂酸含量呈显著负相关。MRK处理番茄产量分别比MK、MR、M、CK提高5.87%、11.34%、22.85%、30.13%,但MK番茄产量与MRK相差不明显。设施栽培条件下,鸡粪、稻草和K2SO4配合施用对提高土壤微生物功能多样性,降低土壤酚酸类物质含量,减缓连作障碍具有重要意义。 The phenolic acid contents and microbial functional diversity play key roles in the obstacle of continuous cropping. The micro-plot experiment was conducted in greenhouse to study the effect of long-term application of various organic materials on soil phenolic acid content and microbial diversity under tomato continuous cropping by capillary electrophoresis （CE） and Biolog- ECO methods. These treatments included chicken manure ＋ rice straw ＋ K2SO4 （MRK）, chicken manure ＋ K2SO4 （MK）, straw ＋ chicken manure （MR）, chicken manure （M） and control （CK, no fertilization）. The results showed that the combinations of different materials, especially MRK treatments, remarkably reduced the contents of phenolic acid in soil compared to CK treatment. The contents of soil 13 -hydroxybenzoie acid and benzoic acid, respectively, were decreased by 7.11% - 57.04% and 81.84% - 83.32% in MRK than those in other fertilization treatments. Different organic material and fertilizer combinations improved the utilization efficiency of carbon sources by soil microorganism. The diversity index indicated that Shannon and Mchlntosh diversity index in MRK were increased by 3.93% - 10.07% and 6.22% - 27.47%, respectively, when compared with other materials treatments. Principal component analysis showed that the microbial functional diversity was caused by carbon sources of amino acids, carboxylic acid, polymer and phenolic acids in M treatment, but by carbon sources of carbohydrates or amine in MR treatment. Two microbial diversity indices had negatively correlated with the contents of ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, 13- hydroxybenzoic acid and benzoic acid. The higher tomato yield was obtained in MRK and MK treatments. The tomato yield was higher 5.87%, 11.34%, 22.85%, 30.13% in MRK treatment than that in MK, MR, M and CK treatments. Long-term application of chicken manure ＋ straw stalks ＋ K2S04 could enhance the microbial functional diversity and reduce the contents of phenolic acid, which is benefit for weak

关 键 词： 鸡粪 稻草 钾肥 番茄 土壤微生物 酚酸物质