作　　者： (谢晓彤）; (朱嘉伟）;

机构地区： 河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处： 《中国土地科学》 2017年第6期70-78,共9页

摘　　要： 研究目的:分析研究影响耕地质量的主要障碍因素及其区域差异,明确不同区域耕地质量提升的主要途径和重点建设内容,以提高耕地质量提升工程建设的针对性和实效性。研究方法:相关分析法,主成分分析法,聚类分析法。研究结果:(1)土壤质地、有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、灌溉率是影响耕地质量的主要因素,与粮食单产间均呈线性正相关关系,影响因素相互间也有影响,存在着显著的相关关系;(2)单产影响因素的重要性存在明显差异,其重要性序次为:灌溉率、速效磷、全氮、有机质、速效钾、土壤质地,重要性系数分别依次为0.188、0.179、0.173、0.167、0.156、0.136;(3)新郑市的耕地可划分为3种类型的整治区,不同类型区的耕地质量及其影响因素差异明显,丘岗地区的耕地质量最差,是农田整治的重点区,主要障碍因素是灌溉率低、土壤肥力差。研究结论:新郑市不同区域耕地质量提升的主要途径不同,丘岗地区和砂土平原区主要是提高农田灌溉率和培肥土壤,山前平原区主要是提高土壤磷肥肥力。 The purpose of this study is to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of land consolidation project to improve the cultivated land quality base on the analysis of regional differences of the obstacle factors towards cultivated land quality and to explore the improvement measures. The methods of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis are used in the study. The results show that： 1 ）the soil texture, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and irrigation rate are the main factors affecting the cultivated land quality, which are correlated positively with the grain yield, whilst the factors are interacted with each other, presenting the significant correlations. 2）The importance of the factors affecting grain yield differs and the priority coefficients of irrigation rate, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium, soil texture are respectively 0.188, 0.179, 0.173, 0.167, 0.156, 0.136. 3）By cluster analysis, the twelve villages in Xinzheng county are divided into three types of land consolidation areas with a significant difference with each other. In the hillock area, the cultivated land quality is the worst and the main obstacle factors to grain yield are the poor soil fertility and the poor irrigation rate. In the piedmont plain area, the quality is the best but soil available phosphorus is low. In the sandy plain area, the quality is the moderate and the main obstacle factors are similar with those in the hilly area. It is concluded that the ways to improve the cultivated land quality should vary from place to place： the main way in the hillock area and sandy plain area is to improve the irrigation rate and the soil fertility, while in the piedmont plain area, phosphate fertilizer should be increased.

关 键 词： 土地整治 耕地质量 主成分分析 农田整治分区 河南省