作　　者： (齐文娥）; (宋江北）; (张浩军）; (武赛）;

机构地区： 华南农业大学经济管理学院,广东广州510642

出　　处： 《广东农业科学》 2017年第5期153-160,共8页

摘　　要： 广东是我国龙眼栽培面积最大的省份,但近年来广东省龙眼产量呈现出波动下降趋势,增产不增收、果贱伤农、种植收入两级分化的现象频有发生,极大影响龙眼种植户的收入和生产积极性。为切实研究龙眼生产对农民收入的贡献,通过采用分层重点选样和一对一访谈的方法对龙眼重点生产区域的种植户进行调研,深入分析广东省龙眼生产环节的成本收益情况,并在此基础上进一步分析龙眼生产对农民收入以及当地的经济和社会贡献。结果表明:广东省龙眼产量虽然出现增长但龙眼在全省水果产业中的相对位置出现下降,龙眼生产的规模化组织化水平低,制约了产业持续良性发展;龙眼生产各县区种植户整体呈盈利状态但单位面积盈利额差距较大,平均每667m2收益为1794.28元,但龙眼生产为当地做出的直接经济贡献远不仅是增加种植户收入,龙眼生产吸纳的农村劳动力众多,且主要以低端劳动力为主。受数据可获得性限制,仅从加总生产环节用工报酬、农资使用贡献和采后劳务费用估算,2014年龙眼生产对广东省的总体直接经济贡献为53.73亿元。 Guangdong is the largest longan cultivation province in China. However, in recent years, the output of longan in Guangdong province has a tendency to fluctuate. The phenomenon of ＂high harvest but low income＂ ＂low price and lower income two-stage differentiation of planting income＂ greatly affects the longan growers＇ income and production enthusiasm. In order to study the contribution of longan production to farmers＇ income, we carried out research on cost and income of longan production in key longan production area of Guangdong province by using stratified key selection and one-on-one interview. On this basis, we further analyzed the contribution of longan production to the income of farmers and local economy and society. The results show that, the famers have overall profit, but the average profit margin per acre has great difference; the long-term production of longan in Guangdong province is growing, but the relative position in fruit industry is declining; production scale and organization level are still at a low level, which restricte the continued and healthy development. Longan production income per acre is 1 794.28 Yuan, while longan production for the local economic contribution is far more than increasing the income of farmers. Because data availability has limit, only from the total production link labor remuneration, the use of agricultural resources and post-harvest labor costs, estimated longan production has overall direct economic contribution of 5.37 billion Yuan in 2014 to Guangdong province. Longan production absorbs the rural labor force, and mainly low-end labor-based.

关 键 词： 龙眼 农民收入 生产收益 生产贡献