作　　者： (李增强）; (李丹丹）; (赵炳梓）; (张佳宝）;

机构地区： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,杭州310021

出　　处： 《农业环境科学学报》 2017年第8期1557-1565,共9页

摘　　要： 利用温室盆栽试验研究秸秆施用、作物种植以及两者的交互作用对土壤团聚体稳定性以及微生物群落组成的影响。结果显示,秸秆施用对小麦生物量无显著影响;与对照相比,秸秆施用或作物种植均显著增加了>0.25 mm粒径团聚体数量以及团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD);秸秆施用处理较对照处理显著增加多糖含量;秸秆施用配合作物种植处理较秸秆施用和作物种植处理进一步增加了>2 mm和1~0.5 mm粒径团聚体数量、团聚体MWD和GMD以及多糖含量;秸秆施用处理与对照处理具有相似的磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)含量和微生物群落组成,作物种植处理较对照处理显著增加丛枝真菌含量,对照和秸秆施用处理的微生物群落组成不同于作物种植和秸秆施用配合作物种植处理。增加土壤水分显著增加了小麦生物量、土壤团聚体MWD和GMD以及PLFA含量。相关分析表明多糖和丛枝真菌含量均与>0.25 mm粒径团聚体数量以及团聚体MWD和GMD存在显著正相关关系。 The effects of straw application, crop planting, and their interactions on the stability of soil aggregates and composition of soil mi-crobial communities were studied in a greenhouse pot experiment. Four treatments were used in this experiment：（1）control（CON）,（2）no crop planting in soil with maize（Zea mays L.）straw application（SR）,（3）crop planting in soil without straw application（CP）,（4）straw application with crop planting（SRCP）. Each treatment included 40%（W40）and 80%（W80）field capacity. The results showed that straw application had no significant effects on wheat biomass. In comparison with CON treatment, SR or CP treatment significantly increased the amount of 0.25 mm soil aggregates as well as aggregate mean weight diameter（MWD）and geometric mean diameter（GMD）. SR treatment had significantly higher soil polysaccharide content than CON treatment. SRCP treatment further increased the amounts of 2 mm and 1~0.5mm soil aggregates, aggregate MWD and GMD, and soil polysaccharide content compared with SR and CP treatments. No significant differ-ences in content of phospholipid fatty acids（PLFA）and microbial community composition were observed between CON and SR treatments.The CP treatment had significantly higher arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi content compared with CON treatment. Significantly different microbial community compositions were observed between crop planting（CP and SRCP）and non-planting（CON and SR）treatments. Increased soil water significantly increased wheat biomass, soil aggregate MWD and GMD, and PLFA content. Correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive correlations between the amount of 0.25 mm soil aggregates, soil aggregate MWD and GMD, and the contents of polysaccharides and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Overall, the results indicated that increases in soil polysaccharides（in SR treatment）and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（in CP treatment）may contribute to increases in both the amount of macroaggregates

关 键 词： 秸秆施用 作物种植 土壤团聚体 微生物群落组成 土壤水分