作　　者： (宫晓炜）; (马文瑛）; (陈启伟）; (郑福英）; (刘永生）;

机构地区： 中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所,家畜疫病病原生物学国家重点实验室,农业部兽医公共卫生重点开放实验室,草食动物细菌病创新团队,兰州730046

出　　处： 《中国畜牧兽医》 2017年第8期2489-2495,共7页

摘　　要： 支原体感染给畜禽养殖造成的危害已受到国内外科研人员的广泛重视。目前控制畜禽支原体感染、降低畜禽养殖经济损失的切实有效方法是大量使用抗生素,其中四环素、大环内酯类及喹诺酮类药物是现阶段临床兽医首选的3类抗菌药。但短短几十年的临床实践表明,滥用抗生素已经严重威胁畜禽健康,许多畜禽支原体临床分离株不仅仅对单一抗生素产生耐药性,而且同时对多种抗生素耐药。作者从药物靶位点改变、外排泵系统形成、抗菌药物灭活酶产生等方面对上述抗畜禽支原体药物的耐药机制进行阐述,以期为建立支原体耐药性检测体系、指导临床合理用药、开发新的药物等提供理论依据和策略。 The harm for livestock and poultry production caused by Mycoplasmainfection has got widespread attention of researchers in the world.The practical ways to control the disease in order to reduce economic loss through Mycoplasma infection is the extensive use of antibiotics.Many groups of antibiotics including tetracyclines,macrolides and quinolones have been shown to be effective to Mycoplasma.Clinical practice shows many Mycoplasmaisolated from livestock and poultry are characterized not only by single drug resistance but also by multiple antibiotic resistance due to the legacy of past decades of antimicrobial misuse,which threat the livestock and poultry production health.This paper reviews the mechanism of anti-Mycoplasma medicines through the alterations in the targets,the formation of efflux pump system,and the generation of inactivated enzymes of antibiotics,which provide theoretical basis and strategies for establishing resistance testing system,rational drug use and development of new drugs.

关 键 词： 畜禽 支原体 耐药性 耐药机制