作　　者： (黄洁萍）; (张明明）; (马云）; (郝瑞杰）; (雷初朝）;

机构地区： 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室,杨凌712100 信阳师范学院生命科学学院,信阳464000 信阳师范学院,大别山农业生物资源保护与利用研究院,信阳464000

出　　处： 《中国畜牧兽医》 2017年第8期2386-2391,共6页

摘　　要： 多脊椎性状是指动物脊椎数比正常个体增加的现象,是存在于家畜中的有益突变。胸腰椎数的增加可增大家畜的体长,改变相应胴体指标,从而提高其经济价值。多脊椎性状具有较高遗传力,这为多脊椎肉用家畜的选择和培育奠定了遗传基础,使多脊椎个体在家畜遗传改良中发挥优良的生产性能成为可能。因此,家畜多脊椎性状的研究,可为多脊椎肉用家畜新品种的培育奠定理论基础。目前,已在猪、羊和牛3种家畜上发现多脊椎现象。其中,猪多脊椎性状的研究已取得了较大的进展,而牛和羊多脊椎性状的研究结果则相对有限。作者就家畜中的脊椎数变异情况、多脊椎性状对家畜生产性能的影响及其候选基因/突变位点的研究3方面内容进行阐述,并简要分析了家畜多脊椎性状研究空白及可能的研究方向。 Multi-vertebra trait means increase of the vertebral number in animal,which is positive for livestock.Increased thoracic-lumbar vertebral number will result in improvement of carcass traits,especially carcass length,as well as economic value.Meanwhile,relatively high heritability of multi-vertebra trait is evaluated,providing genetic basis for selecting and breeding of multivertebra livestock.As such,individuals with multi-vertebra trait will increase production of domestic animals ultimately.Thus,study on multi-vertebra trait provides theoretical basis for breeding of meat livestock with multi-vertebra.Hitherto,multi-vertebra trait has been found in swine,sheep and bovine.Much information has been revealed in studies on multi-vertebra trait in swine;While that is limited in sheep and bovine.This review summarized variations of vertebral number,effects of multi-vertebra trait on the production traits,and genes or mutations responsible for multi-vertebra trait of livestock animal.Further,the research gap and future direction were analyzed as well.

关 键 词： 家畜 多脊椎 生产性状 调控基因