作　　者： (张巍卓）;

机构地区： 北京大学社会学系,北京100871

出　　处： 《北京大学教育评论》 2017年第3期47-72,共26页

摘　　要： 十九世纪末二十世纪初,伴随着德意志帝国的危机与精神科学的兴起,以斯普兰格为代表的德国知识分子重新全面地发现了洪堡的思想遗产。本文从精神科学的问题意识与理论视域出发,探讨了洪堡教育思想体系的人性论基础及其内在结构。洪堡学说的核心是个体的自由,它既意味着单个人的全面发展,也意味着民族实现其个性。洪堡对人性论做出双重规定,进而以此为起点,通过"教化",探索将个人自由、民族个性与世界主义有机地交融到一起的思想道路。 During the crisis of the German Empire and the rise of the Geisteswissenschaft by the turn of the 20 th century, German intellectuals led by Eduard Spranger have comprehensively re-discovered the theoretical heritage of Wilhelm Humboldt. Starting from the problem consciousness and theoretical horizon of the Geisteswissenschaft, the article discusses the theory of human nature and the internal structure of Humboldt's thought system. Individual freedom is the core of Humboldt's thought and not only the all-round development of an individual but also the realization of the Nation's individuality. The character in Humboldt's thought of human nature contains double rules. Based on this pre-condition and with his thoughts on education as medium, this article indicates his way of thinking which combines individual freedom, national individuality and cosmopolitanism as a whole.

关 键 词： 精神科学 个性 民族 教化 自由