作　　者： (罗琳）; (邢薇）; (李铁梁）; (刘洋）; (马志宏）; (姜娜）; (李文通）;

机构地区： 北京市水产科学研究所,北京100068

出　　处： 《水生生物学报》 2017年第5期1010-1019,共10页

摘　　要： 为研究亚麻油替代不同水平的鱼油后对杂交鲟(Acipenser baeri Brandt♀×A.schrenckii Brandt♂)幼鱼[初均重(70.8±0.5)g]生长、脂肪酸组成、肝脏及肌肉脂肪沉积以及脂肪代谢的影响,在油脂添加量为8%的饲料中用亚麻油分别替代0(LO0)、25%(LO25)、50%(LO50)、75%(LO75)和100%(LO100)的鱼油,配制5种等氮(38.7%CP)等脂(10%CF)饲料。每组饲料随机设3个重复,养殖周期为12周。结果表明,亚麻油替代100%的鱼油对杂交鲟幼鱼的生长没有显著影响,而且随着饲料中亚麻油含量的上升,饲料效率有所提高,100%鱼油替代组的饲料效率明显高于100%鱼油组的(P<0.05);但用亚麻油替代鱼油后,肌肉和肝脏的粗脂肪含量以及血清中谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性明显升高(P<0.05);肌肉亚麻酸和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的含量与饲料中相应脂肪酸组成呈明显的线性相关关系(R2>0.69;P<0.05)。对于杂交鲟的脂肪代谢而言,亚麻油的添加对血清中的游离脂肪酸、甘油三酯、高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的变化产生明显影响,但亚麻油对血清总胆固醇和酮体影响不显著。考虑到亚麻油完全替代鱼油后,肌肉中的EPA和DHA这两种长链高不饱和脂肪酸的含量仅下降了不到30%,因此亚麻油应该是一种比较优质的鱼油替代品。 A12-week experiment was performed using juvenile hybrid sturgeon(70.8±0.5)g to study the effects of partialand total replacement of fish oil(FO)by linseed oil(LO).Five isonitrogenous(38.7%crude protein)and isoenergetic(10.0%crude lipid)experimental diets were formulated as follows:LO0(100%FO);LO25(75%FO+25%LO);LO50(50%FO+50%LO);LO75(25%FO+75%LO);and LO100(100%LO).These diets were fed to triplicate groupsof40hybrid sturgeon three times a day to apparent satiation at(22±1.0)℃.There were no significant differences in finalbody weight,weight gain rate(WGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)in all fish groups(P>0.05).Fish fed diets withLO0,LO25,and LO50had significantly higher feed intake than fish fed diets with LO75and LO100(P<0.05).Fish feddiets with LO100had significantly higher feed efficiency than fish fed a diet with LO0(P<0.05).Fillet and liver lipidcontent,and serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase(ALT)and glutamic-pyruvictransaminase(AST)activity showed an increasing trend as linseed oil increased(P<0.05).The linolenic acid(C18:3n3)content,the sum of n-3and n-6,and the n-3:n-6ratio in fillets showed a positive linear correlation with the diets.Lipidmetabolism throughout the day for sturgeon on different levels of linseed oil replacement showed that the lipid sourceand time point,and the interaction of both of these factors had significant effects on serum non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA),triglyceride(TG),High-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-Chol),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-Chol)(P<0.05).Serum total cholesterol and ketone bodies were not affected by the lipid source,time point,or interactionof both factors(P>0.05).

关 键 词： 杂交鲟 鱼油替代 亚麻油 生长性能 餐后脂肪代谢