作　　者： (宋丽潞）; (梁旭东）; (赵秀娟）;

机构地区： 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081\北京城市气象工程技术研究中心,北京100089

出　　处： 《暴雨灾害》 2017年第4期382-387,共6页

摘　　要： 使用北京区域环境气象数值预报系统2015年11、12月和2016年1、5、6、7月PM_(2.5)浓度的模式模拟结果与同期有限观测资料进行相关分析,探索在站点稀少情况下如何确定最优测站分布策略的方法。通过模拟结果与有限观测资料的结合,使用观测资料筛选比较好的模拟结果,可以得到有较高空间分辨率和一定时间序列长度的资料,进而可以进行站点代表性分析确定最优站点分布。基于该方法分析了北京地区气溶胶观测的站点分布策略。北京地区PM_(2.5)浓度呈南高北低的分布,另一个显著的特点是有沿地形分布的特点。冬季与夏季明显的区别是,夏季PM_(2.5)浓度变化比较大的区域在西南部,而冬季该大值区沿地形向东北扩展比较明显。总体上,观测站点分布宜在北京西南部采用较小的站距,向北向东站点距离逐步增大。针对冬季观测站点分布的显著特征是西部沿山一带需要较高的站点密度。要获得相同质量的空间分布特征,冬季站点总体密度比夏季高。 Using correlation analysis between hourly simulation results of Beijing Regional Environmental Meteorology Prediction System and the limited simultaneous observation data of PM2.5concentration in November,December2015and January,May,June,and July2016,a method to determine the optimal observation station distribution strategy is proposed and examined.Using this method,the observations are used to select better model results.This method is useful for determining station distribution strategy in sparse observation area based on high resolution and long time series data from numerical model simulation and available observations.This method is applied to station distribution strategy of PM2.5observation in Beijing.Generally,the concentration of PM2.5in the south is higher than that in the north,and characterized by high concentration along the mountain foot.In summer,the area has the highest horizontal concentration gradient located in the southwest,and it extends toward northeast in winter.Therefore,the optimal distribution strategy of PM2.5monitoring stations is with high density(smalldistance between stations)in the southwest and gradually increasing the distance between stations towards the north and east.On the other hand,to get same quality of horizontal distribution information,more stations should be used in winter than those in summer.

关 键 词： 气溶胶 站点分布 相关分析 模式模拟