作　　者： (龚云）; (张鑫）;

机构地区： 西北师范大学体育学院,兰州730070

出　　处： 《中国比较医学杂志》 2017年第8期22-27,共6页

摘　　要： 目的探讨有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛及β细胞的影响及其机制。方法 Wistar大鼠30只,随机选取10只为C组,其余20只用链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)配合高脂高糖饲料喂养建造2型糖尿病大鼠模型,留其成功的15只再分两组,一组为DMC组(n=7);另组为DME组(n=7,实验结束时死亡1只)。DME组大鼠以每天20 m/min强度跑台运动30 min,每6 d休息1 d,共持续8周,其余大鼠笼内自由活动。实验结束时,腹主动脉取血测血糖、血清Ins含量,并推算HOMA;切取胰腺前三分之一行石蜡切片、HE染色,在数码显微镜下观察胰岛形态及β细胞结构并拍照;在100倍视野下,运用Motic Images Advanced 3.1图像处理软件测量胰岛周长和面积,并由此计算出SF;将剩余胰腺匀浆后测其Ins含量、GK及微量总ATP酶活性。结果 DME组大鼠胰岛周长和面积均较DMC组大鼠显著增加(P<0.05),但仍低于C组大鼠,SF显著增高;β细胞肥大及空泡、胞核固缩等现象较DMC组大鼠显著改善;DME组大鼠血糖、Ins含量、胰腺GK及微量总ATP酶活性均显著高于DMC组大鼠(P<0.05);SF及HOMA也有显著变化。结论有氧运动可降低2型糖尿病大鼠的血糖浓度、改善胰岛以及胰岛β细胞形态结构,归因于胰腺组织GK、ATP合成酶活性及胰岛素敏感性的提高。 Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of aerobic exercise on islet β-cells in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods Thirty healthy SPF 8-week old Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group（ C,n = 10）,diabetic control groups（ DMC） and diabetic exercise（ DME） groups,10 rats in each group,among which 7 successful rat models were used in the experiment. The diabetic rat model was established by high fat and sugar diet and i. p. injection of streptozotocin in a dose of 50 mg/kg. The rats of group DME were forced to perform 20 m/min running for 30 min,once a day,6 days in a week,for 8 weeks. Other rats were allowed free movement. At the end of experiment,serum glucose and insulin were measured and homeostasis model assessment（ HOMA） was calculated,and pancreatic tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination. The morphology and structure of pancreatic islets were observed under a digital microscope,the perimeter and area of islets were analyzed by image analysis,and shape factor of islets was calculated. The insulin content,glucokinase and ultramicro-ATPase activity in the pancreatic homogenate were determined. Results In the DME group,the perimeter and area of islets were significantly higher than the DMC group（ P〈0. 05）,but still lower than the control group.The shape factor was significantly increased,the cell hypertrophy,vacuolization and nuclear pyknosis were markedly alleviated than those in the DMC group,the insulin content,glucokinase and the trace total ATP activity in the DME group were significantly higher than those in the DMC group（P〈0.05）,and the SF and HOMA were significantly changed.Conclusions Aerobic exercise can reduce the blood glucose level,improve the morphology of islets andβ-cells in the type 2 diabetic rats.It may be due to increase of the activity of glucose kinase and ATP-synthase,and increased insulin sensitivity in the pancreas.

关 键 词： 有氧运动 型糖尿病 胰岛 细胞 结构及功能 机制 大鼠