作　　者： (李京蓉）; (刘泽华）;

机构地区： 青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,青海西宁810008

出　　处： 《青海草业》 2017年第3期13-18,24,共7页

摘　　要： 【目的】探求高寒草甸植物对持续模拟增温的响应机制,为退化植被的生态恢复和自然植被的合理保护提供科学依据。【方法】采用国际冻原计划(ITEX)模拟增温试验装置,以草甸和灌丛中的代表植物为试验对象,研究了植物营养成分(粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、木质素、粗脂肪、粗蛋白)含量的变化和地上生物量及高度的改变。【结果】在草甸及灌丛上,长期模拟增温能影响植物的营养成分含量,在退化草甸上此影响更明显。增温降低了优良牧草(禾草和莎草)粗脂肪、粗蛋白的含量,而粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和木质素含量增加,降低了牧草消化率。草甸和灌丛生物量的P值分别为0.054和0.015草甸长期增温后在一定程度上增加了生物量(P=0.054),而灌丛的生物量增加显著(P=0.015);高度在草甸和灌丛的P值分别为P=0.006 P=0.000,两者高度明显增加;盖度在草甸和灌丛的P值分别为P=0.918,P=0.008,这种变化在长期状态下,势必会使植物功能群发生改变,从而影响群落结构。【结论】长期的增温所形成的小气候作用,不仅改变了牧草的营养成分,而且使得高寒草甸植物群落的结构及功能发生了变化。 [ objective] The response mechanism of the high-cold meadow plant to the continuous simulation of temperature increase was explored to provide scientific basis for the ecological restoration of degraded vegetation and the reasonable protection of natural vegetation. [ methods ] International tundra plan （ITEX） are adopted to simulate the temperature test device, in the meadow and thickets on behalf of plants as test object, studies the plant nutrients （ crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid washing, lignin fiber, crude fat, crude protein） content changes and the changes of aboveground biomass and height. [ result] In meadow and shrub, the long-term simulation of temperature increase can influence the nutrient content of plants, which is more obvious in degen- erate meadow.Warming reduces the fine forage（ grasses and sedges） , crude fat, crude protein content and crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid washing fiber and lignin content increased, decreased forage digestibility. The P value of meadow and shrub biomass increased after long-term warming of 0.054 and 0.015 respectively, which increased the biomass（ P = 0.054） to some extent,while the biomass of the shrubs increased significantly （P = 0.015） ;value of height in meadow and shrub was P = 0.006 P = 0.000, with a significant increase in height and value of the coverage in meadow and shrub is P = 0.918, P = 0.008, which is bound to change the functional group of plants in the long term, thus affecting the community structure. [ conclusion ] The microclimatic effect formed by long-term warming has not only changed the nutritive composition of herbage, but also changed the structure and function of alpine meadow plant community.

关 键 词： 高寒草甸 长期增温 群落结构 营养成分 生物量 高度 盖度