作　　者： (屈柳燕）; (王靖）; (刘泽华）; (徐维新）; (姚步青）; (李京蓉）; (周华坤）;

机构地区： 青海师范大学,青海西宁810008 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001

出　　处： 《青海草业》 2017年第3期31-36,46,共7页

摘　　要： 通过近20a来对青海省共和县小麦、油菜的物候和区域气象变化的同步观测,分析了小麦和油菜物候变化及其对气温、降水的响应规律,结果表明:1990~2006年共和县的年平均气温呈现增加趋势,和全球变暖趋势表现一致,年降水量也呈现微弱的增加趋势,阶段性和季节性明显,每年以6~8月降水量最高;气候变化对小麦和油菜的生育期影响有所不同,小麦的平均全生育期缩短,油菜的平均全生育期延长,各个物候期对气候变化的响应差异明显。小麦的播种期明显提前,其它各个物候期都表现提前趋势,变化规律保持一致,整个生长季有缩短趋势。油菜从播种期至五叶期提前,现蕾期至成熟期推迟,生育期延长。6~8月的气温变化是物候变化的主要驱动气象因子,小麦和油菜的生育阶段与历年气温变暖具有显著的相关性(p<0.05),与降水量的相关性不显著(p>0.05)。 According to nearly 20 years of synchronous observations rape） prepares phenological phenomenon？ and regional climate c of Qinghai province hange m^or crops（wheat .This paper analyzed the crop growth period of phenological change rule and its ecological response of the meteorological factors （temperature and precipitation）, the results show that prepares the annual average temperature from 1990 to 2006 showed a trend of increase, and the performance of the global warming trend is consistent, also showed a trend of weak increase of annual precipitation, periodic and obvious seasonal, highest in 6 ~ 8 months each year rainfall ; Climate change makes different growth period of wheat and rape of performance, the average whole wheat growth period shorten, rape, on average, extend in the whole stages;Each period and two crops response to climate change obviously, wheat seeding time clearly in advance, other each growth period performance trends in advance, change law, show the tendency of shortening the whole growing season, rape forward from the seeding time to five leaf stage, budding stage to the mature period delay, extended growth period;6-8 months of temperature change is the main meteorological factor, crop phenological changes growth stage of wheat and rape has good correlation with global warming, calendar year show significant level（ p〈0.05 ） , did not show significant correlation with precipi- tation.

关 键 词： 气候变化 小麦 油菜 物候期 响应