作　　者： (王卫华）; (董丽艳）; (杨惠芳）;

机构地区： 昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明,650500

出　　处： 《排灌机械工程学报》 2017年第8期709-715,共7页

摘　　要： 为了获得红土地区淡水滴灌的水力特性,为提高作物产量制定科学合理的灌溉依据,以单点源淡水滴灌湿润锋运移的三维模型试验为基础,进而观测双点源淡水滴灌湿润锋运移,观测不同滴头流量,不同土壤容重条件下滴灌单、双点源湿润锋运移过程.研究结果表明:随着滴头流量、土壤容重的增大,单点源入渗水平湿润距离增大,距滴头同一位置处含水率也增大,而垂向运移距离随滴头流量的增大、土壤容重的减小而增大;双点源交汇试验,随着滴头流量的增大、容重的减小,湿润区交汇时间提早,交汇宽度增大;4.68 L/h滴头流量下的交汇时间比3.74L/h的提前了146 s,交汇区宽度增加了2.3 cm;土壤容重增大,交汇区土壤湿润宽度增大,地表湿润比也增大.该研究结果对节水意识薄弱的云南红土地区的滴灌应用与推广具有一定的指导意义. In order to obtain the hydraulic characteristics of the fresh water drip irrigation in the red soil region and to make a scientific and rational basis for irrigation to improve the crop yield,based on the three-dimensional model test of wetting front migration of fresh water drip irrigation with singlepoint source,the wetting front migration of fresh water drip irrigation with double-point source was observed,and the wetting front migration process of single-and double-point sources of drip irrigation under different soil bulk density and different dripper discharge were observed. The results show that before the convergence,the horizontal wetting distance and the water content in the same position of the droplet increase as soil bulk density increases. The distance of the vertical wetting front increases with the increase of the dripper discharge,while the soil bulk density decreases. After the intersection,the convergence time of wetting area is moved up ahead with the increase of the dripper discharge and the decrease of bulk density,and the convergence width of the wetted area increases. The convergence time under the dripper discharge of 4. 68 L/h is 146 s ahead of that under the dripper discharge of3. 74 L/h and the convergence width increases by 2. 3 cm. The soil bulk density and the soil wettingwidth are increased,and the surface wetting ratio increases. The results are of some guidance significance for the application and popularization of drip irrigation in Yunnan red soil region with weak water-saving consciousness.

关 键 词： 红壤土 滴灌 容重 湿润距离 交汇区湿润宽度