作　　者： (张维康）; (王兵）; (牛香）;

机构地区： 中国林科院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866

出　　处： 《生态学杂志》 2017年第9期2507-2513,共7页

摘　　要： 空气颗粒物能够危害人体健康,而植被可以有效减少空气中颗粒物的浓度,提高环境质量。本文利用原子力显微镜、扫描电镜检测不同树种叶片表面微特征(气孔密度、蜡质层、油脂、绒毛、纹理等)、粗糙度和湿润性,研究了城市中不同树种叶片微结构对滞纳空气颗粒物功能的影响。结果表明:不同树种之间滞尘能力存在差异,针叶树种滞尘能力要高于阔叶树种;叶片表面结构对于树种滞尘能力的影响非常显著(P<0.05),其中测试树种中油松、白皮松叶片滞尘主要受气孔密度、蜡质层厚度、油脂、纹理的影响,而旱柳、五角枫、银杏和杨树叶片滞尘能力主要受叶片表面粗糙度的影响;叶片表面湿润性与叶片的滞尘能力存在显著负相关(P<0.05)。 Particulate matter （PM）, including PM10 and PM2.5, is one of the major pollutants impacting air quality and public health. Trees can capture the particles and improve the air quality. In this study, we used Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope to investigate the leaf surface micromorphological characters of trees in different sites of Beijing, and analyzed the influence of the leaf microstructure of different tree species on capturing air particulate matter. The results showed that different trees had different abilities to capture particles. Coniferous species were found to capture more particles than did broadleaf trees. The particlescapturing ability of leaves was significantly influenced by leaf microstructure （P〈0.05）. For Pinus tabuliformis and P. bungeana, the particlescapturing ability was mainly impacted by stomatal density, the thickness of waxy layer, epidermis and texture, while leaf roughness was the major factor for other trees, including Salix matsudana, Acer truncatum, Ginkgo biloba, and Populus tomentosa. Leaf surface wettability was negatively correlated to particlescapturing ability （P〈0.05）.

关 键 词： 叶片 颗粒物 接触角 叶片结构 粗糙度