作　　者： (曾向红）; (陈科睿）;

机构地区： 兰州大学管理学院、中亚研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处： 《社会科学》 2017年第9期3-15,共13页

摘　　要： 国际反恐话语双重标准体现为对不同的受害国家群体表达不同的情感态度。在目前对反恐话语双重标准的分析中存在"舆论成见"与"现状成见"等缺陷,导致对其形成原因的解释不足。通过将"文明标准"与心理学研究中的共情视角纳入到分析中,可以提供一种理解反恐话语双重标准形成原因的分析框架。"文明标准"确定了不同群体间的关系,即自我与别国是内群体还是外群体的区别。共情机制使得自我对内群体成员发生的恐袭反应激烈且充满同情,对外群体成员发生的恐袭反应温和并表现出冷漠的态度。明确反恐话语双重标准的形成基础与形成机制具有一定的理论与现实意义。就理论意义而言,这有助于澄清反恐话语双重标准的形成原因,纠正相关经验分析中存在的成见。就现实意义而言,有助于反思国际社会,尤其是西方国家在反恐问题上的表现,从而对改善恐怖主义的全球治理提供一定指导。 Double standards in international counter-terrorism discourses are these phenomena that discourse subjects express different emotions toward to different groups attacked by terrorist. Al- though some researches try to understand the double standards in international counter-terrorism dis- courses, these researches still have some shortcomings, such as reflex ＂opinions-bias＂, ＂status quo bi- as＂, etc., so these researches can＇t fully explain the formation basis and formation mechanism of the double standards in international counter-terrorism discourses. This paper integrates the ＂standard of ci- vilisation＂ and empathic perspective in social psychology, in order to supply some insights about this academic problem. With regards to the formation basis of the double standards, the ＂standard of civilisa- tion＂ in international relations defines the nature of general relationships between different groups, such as other group is a in-group or an out-group, and this definition then determines the general attitude of a group or a country towards other groups which encountered terrorism attacks. In terms of the formation mechanism, empathic mechanism makes one group always expresses extensive empathy to these in- groups which have been attacked by terrorists, but express little empathy, sometimes even public apa- thy, to these out-groups that have met similar terrorism attacks. Understanding the formation basis and formation mechanism of the double standards in international counter-terrorism discourses has some theoretical and practical implications. As for the theoretical implications, this paper can explain why in- ternational counter-terrorism discourses have the obvious character of double standards and urges schol- ars to pay attention the biases in the terrorism researches. As for the practical implications, this paper may encourage researchers to reflect on the counter-terrorism performances of international society, par- ticularly these western countries, and then provides some inspirations or

关 键 词： 国际反恐话语 双重标准 身份建构 共情偏差 恐怖主义治理