作　　者： (邵云）; (陈静雯）; (王温澎）; (崔景明）; (李昊烊）; (王璐）; (马守臣）;

机构地区： 河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处： 《农业环境科学学报》 2017年第9期1858-1867,共10页

摘　　要： 为研究不同有机物料的性质特征以及对重金属离子的吸附能力,选用四种农林废弃物或其加工产物(锯末生物炭、玉米秸秆、鸡粪、食用菌菌渣),利用SEM、FTIR等方法对其形态和官能团进行表征,并通过对Pb^(2+)的批量吸附试验,考察了pH、时间、溶液初始浓度对吸附量的影响。结果表明,四种材料均能够有效吸附Pb^(2+),但吸附特性有一定差异。生物炭、秸秆、鸡粪最佳pH为5,且受pH影响较大;菌渣最佳pH为2,受pH影响不大。25℃、pH 5时四种材料均能较快地达到吸附平衡,且吸附量随时间的变化数据均符合准二级动力学模型,吸附量随初始浓度的变化数据均能较好地拟合Langmuir等温方程,其中生物炭的饱和吸附量远高于其他三种材料,达到411.52 mg·g^(-1),秸秆、鸡粪、菌渣的饱和吸附量分别为40.90、41.82、115.65 mg·g^(-1)。 Lead（Pb）is a common pollutant in water and soil, and organic materials have the potential to adsorb heavy metals.The properties and Pb-（2＋）absorption capacity of four kinds of agricultural and forestry wastes or processed products there of（sawdust biochar, corn stalks,chicken manure, and mushroom cultivation residue）were studied. The morphology and functional groups of these materials were characterized using SEM and FTIR methods. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pH, time, and initial Pb-（2＋）concentration on the Pb-（2＋）adsorption capacity, and the adsorption kinetics and efficiency were studied by using different kinetic models, as well as Langmuir and Freundlich models, to fit the experimental data. All four organic materials effectively adsorbed Pb-（2＋）, but their adsorption properties differed. The adsorption capacity of straw, chicken manure, and biochar was dramatically influenced by pH value, with an optimum pH of 5.0. The optimum pH for mushroom cultivation residue was 2.0, and pH value had a weaker effect on its Pb^2＋adsorption capacity, as the adsorption capacity decreased smoothly as pH increased. At 25 ℃ and pH 5.0, all four materials quickly reached adsorption equilibrium, and the adsorption process could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm equation; the equilibrium adsorption capacity of biochar, at 411.52 mg·g^-1, was much higher than that of the other materials. The maximum adsorption capacity of straw, chicken manure, and mushroom cultivation residue was 40.90, 41.82, 115.65 mg·g^-1, respectively.

关 键 词： 生物炭 秸秆 鸡粪 菌渣 吸附 铅