作　　者： (罗鹏飞）; (潘晓群）; (苏健）; (万亚男）; (林萍）; (张永青）;

机构地区： 江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制所,南京210009

出　　处： 《中华健康管理学杂志》 2017年第4期319-324,共6页

摘　　要： 目的 通过对社区骨质疏松症（osteoporosis,OP）高危人群的筛查,分析OP的影响因素.方法 采用多阶段整群抽样法,于江苏省6个城市随机选择6个城区,每个城区再随机抽取3个社区,对社区内40～69岁居民进行问卷调查和身体测量,问卷调查内容包括：基本信息、OP风险评估（采用国际骨质疏松症基金会的1 min测试题）、健康状况、日常生活方式（近12个月）.高危人群与相关影响因素间的关系采用非条件Logistic回归分析.结果 共回收有效问卷6577份.男性2069人（31.46％）,女性4508人（68.54％）.共166例（2.52％）居民自报曾被诊断为OP,男性自报患病率（1.55％）低于女性（2.97％）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=11.719,P〈0.01）,60～69岁人群自报患病率高于40～49岁人群,差异有统计学意义（χ2=44.766,P〈0.01）.高危人群共3400例（51.70％）.男性（OR=1.845）,年龄（50～59岁和60～69岁较40～49岁OR=2.171、2.854）,文化程度（大专以上学历较小学初中学历,OR=0.517）,职业（技术办事人员、商业服务业、农林牧渔等、生产运输业较机关公务员OR=2.289、2.224、2.258和2.552）,以及自报慢性病史（OR=1.596）、骨折史（OR=4.061）、身体疼痛史（OR=2.286）、脚抽筋史（OR=1.923）、钙/维生素D摄入（OR=1.357）、增加日照（OR=1.256）、每天步数5000以上（OR=1.336）和体质指数〉24.0 kg/m2（OR=1.322）是OP高危的影响因素.结论 40～69岁的人群中,OP高危人群比例较高,性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、不良身体状况和生活方式均是OP高危的影响因素,应加强对社区居民OP筛查,并对OP危险因素进行进一步研究. Objective To explore the influencing factors of high risk osteoporosis （OP） population. Methods Using multi-stage cluster sampling method, 1 district was selected from each of the 6 cities randomly, then 3 communities were selected from each district randomly. Questionnaire investigation and physical examination were applied to community residents aged 40-69 years old. The questionnaire mainly included basic information, OP risk assessment （using the 1 minute test method developed by the International OP Foundation）, health status and lifestyle information （recent 12 months）. The relationship between high-risk groups and influencing factors was analyzed by unconditional logistic regression. Results Totally 6577 valid questionnaires were collected, 2069 were male （31.46%） and 4508 were female （68.54%）. A total of 166 cases （2.52%） were found as self-reported OP patients at the age of 40-69, self-reported rate of male （1.55%） was lower than that of female （2.97%） （χ2=11.719, P〈0.01）, the rate was higher among people aged 60-69 years than people aged 40-49 （χ2=44.766, P〈0.01）;3400 cases （52.28%） were found as high-risk individuals,there were more male at higher risk than female （OR=1.845）. Among different age groups, the 50-59 and 60-69 years age groups had more high risk people than that of 40-49 years group （with OR=2.171 and OR=2.854 respectively）. Comparative analysis was also conducted for the following factors： degree of education [college or above （OR=0.517） compared with primary school or junior middle school], occupation [compared with civil servants, technical management personnel （OR=2.289）, business services （OR=2.224）, farming/forestry/fishing （OR=2.258） and production/transportation staff （OR=2.552）], self-reported history of chronic disease （OR=1.596）, fracture （OR=4.061）, body pain （OR=2.286） and foot cramps （OR=1.923）, as well as calcium/vitamin D intake （OR=1.357）, increased sunlight （OR=1.256）,

关 键 词： 骨质疏松 危险因素 慢性病