作 者：
(高小莉）;
(胡江）;
(郭淑珍）;
(石斌刚）;
(谢建鹏）;
(罗玉柱）;
(王继卿）;
(牟永娟）;
机构地区：
甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院、甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,兰州730070
出 处：
《中国农业科学》
2017年第16期3215-3225,共11页
摘 要：
【目的】检测牦牛DGAT1基因多态性,评估基因突变对牦牛乳品质性状的影响,以期丰富牦牛重要经济性状的分子遗传研究基础。【方法】采用PCR-SSCP方法,检测甘南牦牛、天祝白牦牛、青海牦牛及野血牦牛DGAT1基因intron5-exon7和intron15-exon17区突变,分析基因突变对乳品质性状的影响。【结果】牦牛DGAT1基因intron5-exon7区发现c.562+32_c.562+33ins CCGCCC的插入/缺失,等位基因M、基因型MM频率最高为优势等位基因和基因型,各类群牦牛PIC<0.5属中度或低度多态;intron15-exon17区检测到c.1249-23C>T和c.1336C>T的突变,其中exon17发现的c.1336C>T突变导致编码氨基酸p.Arg447Cys转变,等位基因A频率最高为优势等位基因,甘南牦牛、天祝白牦牛和青海牦牛中基因型AA为优势基因型,野血牦牛基因型AB为优势基因型,各类群牦牛0.25
[Objective]In this study, polymorphisms of yak DGAT1（diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1） gene were investigated and their effects on some milk quality traits were estimated so as to enrich the molecular genetic data for yak. [Method] Mutations in intron5-exon7 and intron15-exon17 of DGAT1 gene were checked by PCR-SSCP in 4 yak populations （Gannan yak, Tianzhu white yak, Qinghai yak and Wild-blood yak）, and the effects of mutations on the milk quality traits were analyzed in Gannan yak.[Result]The c.562＋32_c.562＋33insCCGCCC was found in intron5-exon7 of yak DGAT1 gene ,and allele M and genotype MM were the dominant allele and genotype, and each yak population was moderately or low polymorphic （PIC〈0.5）. The 2 SNPs （c.1249-23C〉T and c.1336C〉T） were found in intron15-exon17, and nucleotide substitution c.1336C〉T at exon 17 resulted in p.Arg450Cys change. Allele A was the dominant allele, the genotype AA in Gannan yak, Tianzhu white yak and Qinghai yak and AB in Wild-blood yak were the dominant genotype, respectively. Each yak population was moderately polymorphic （0.25〈PIC〈0.5）. Total 6 haplotypes and 11 haplotype combinations were constituted by mutations in these two regions, and there was a linkage relationship between 3 mutations and closed to linkage equilibrium. The association analysis showed that the genotype in intron5-exon7 was not significantly correlated with the milk quality traits in Gannan yak. The milk quality traits of genotype BB were the lowest, and the milk protein rate, fat rate, total solids percentage were lower than those of other genetypes （P〈0.05）, and individuals with possessing allele A had higher milk protein rate, fat rate, total solids percentage and non-fat solids percentage than those no-possessing （P〈0.05）, and yaks with allele C also showed higher milk fat rate than those no-possessing （P〈0.05）, but individuals with allele B showed lower milk fat rate and total solids percentage than those no-possessing （P〈0.05） in intron15-
关 键 词：
牦牛
基因
多态性
乳品质性状
