作　　者： (杨菊华）; (贺丹）;

机构地区： 中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872

出　　处： 《江苏行政学院学报》 2017年第5期72-80,共9页

摘　　要： 国内对于国际移民社会融合理论的认知存在偏误,狭隘地将曾经的对外殖民之洲——欧洲视为国际移民融合理论的发祥地。但实际上,美国作为移民之国,形成了以欧裔白人为中心的主流社会,并较早地衍生出移民融合理论。欧美社会融合理论分异明显:欧洲由公共政策推动,倡导"各美其美"的价值理念,形成了"自上而下"的实践性融合模式;美国则源于学术力量,以非欧裔移民为对象,推崇文化交融,催生"自下而上"的理论驱动性融合模式。欧美融合理论在内涵、过程、路径和影响因素方面有融通之处,二者均涵盖经济—社会—文化—心理融合内涵,强调包容性发展。欧美移民融合理论对中国多群体、多元化、多层次的本土化理论框架建设极具借鉴意义。 Misunderstandings have been detected among Chinese scholars with regard to the international theory of immigrants＇ integration into the host society, which take a narrow view by seeing Europe the traditional colonizing pow- er as the origin of theories about immigrants＇ integration. However,the fact is that the United States,as a nation of immigrants, has formed its mainstream society with the European white people as the centers, and has developed immigrants＇ inte- gration theories at an earlier stage. Integration theories from Europe and the United States show clear distinctions. The European one is driven by public policies ,promoting the values of ＂pursuing one＇s own perfection＂ and forming the ＂top-down＂ practi- cal integration model. The American one originated from academic forces ,taking the non-European immigrants as the objects, promoting cultural fusion,and giving birth to a ＂bottom-up＂ theory for integration. However, these two theories show connec- tions in terms of connotation, process, paths, and influence factors. Both cover the connotation of economic-social-cultural-psy- chological fusion, and stress inclusive development. European and American theories on immigrants＇ integration are over reference value for China＇s localized theoretical framework for its multi-group,diversified and multi-layered social situation.

关 键 词： 社会融合 社会融入 理论分异 理论融通 美国与欧洲 启示