作　　者： (高立）; (梅瑞华）; (周艳芳）; (任胜利）; (张秋梅）;

机构地区： 济宁医学院,山东济宁272067

出　　处： 《中国预防医学杂志》 2017年第8期565-567,共3页

摘　　要： 目的调查某医学院校D型人格新生心理健康自我调整情况,为开展相关心理健康疏导工作提供相关依据。方法采用14条目D型人格量表(Type D Personality Scale-14,DS14)和症状自评量表(Symptom Check List-90,SCL-90),对某医学院校D型人格新生入校初期及入校1年后的心理健康状况进行调查,并与同期入校的非D型人格新生心理健康状况进行对比。结果入校初期,D型人格医学生检出率10.34%(40/387)。入校1年后,D型人格检出率10.00%(39/390)。入校初期,D型人格医学生在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖得分高于非D型人格医学生,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.182、3.283、3.403、2.040,P=0.002、0.001、0.000、0.042)。入校1年后,D型人格医学生在躯体化、人际关系和抑郁3个因子得分高于非D型人格医学生,差异有统计学意义(t=2.045、2.074、2.655,P=0.042、0.039、0.008)。入校1年后,D型人格医学生躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执及精神病性8个因子得分均低于入校初期,在人际关系因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=10.598,P=0.000)。结论医学院校D型人格新生具有一定的心理健康自我调节能力,但与非D型人格新生相比,仍存在一定差距。 Objective To understand the self-adjustment for mental health of freshmen with type D personality in a medical college,and to provide relevant evidence for the development of psychological health counseling and prevention of psychological diseases. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the mental health status of medical college freshmen with type D personality at the beginning of school and one year after school using Type D Personality Scale-14（DS14）and Symptom Check List-90（SCL-90）,which was compared with those of non-type D personality freshmen at the same period. Results There were 10.34% of freshmen with type D personality at the beginning of school and it dropped to 10.00% a year later.The scores of social relationship,depression,anxiety and fear in SCL-90 were higher among freshmen with type D personality compared with students of non type D personality in the beginning of school,the differences were statistically significant（t=3.182,3.283,3.403,2.040,P=0.002、0.001、0.000、0.042）.A year later,the scores of somatization,social relationship and depression were significantly higher among students with type D personality（t=2.045,2.074,2.655,P=0.042,0.039,0.008）.The scores of somatization,compulsion,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,fear,paranoid and psychosis-like symptoms of freshmen with type D personality all decreased a year later,especially the score of social relationship which had a significant difference（t=10.598,P=0.000）. Conclusions Although medical college freshmen with type D personality have the ability of self-adjustment for mental health,the ability is limited comparing with those of non type D personality.

关 键 词： 型人格 医学院校 新生 心理健康 心理疏导 自我调整