作　　者： (唐美秀）; (俞骏程）; (孙叶盛）; (辛冰艳）; (李庆宇）; (夏彦昌）; (苏冠宇）; (杨双波）;

机构地区： 长沙医学院,湖南长沙410219

出　　处： 《中国预防医学杂志》 2017年第8期576-578,共3页

摘　　要： 目的了解长沙市美沙酮维持治疗(methadone maintenance treatment,MMT)吸毒者的治疗现状,探究疗效的影响因素,为提高MMT疗效提供理论依据。方法采用整群简单随机抽样的方法于2015年4~8月在长沙市3个美沙酮门诊随机抽取120例接受MMT吸毒者,以吸毒者自评和医生评分的方式,现场完成问卷调查和相关资料的采集,了解吸毒者药物疗效的影响因素和疗效得分。结果吸毒者MMT疗效平均得分为(78.14±10.34)分。学历(F=27.36,P=0.00)和婚姻状况(F=30.57,P=0.00)对医生评定疗效得分影响差异有统计学意义。治疗依从性、情绪障碍、社会环境、家庭关怀和吸毒者学历与疗效拟合的多元线性回归方程有统计学意义(r^2=0.42,F=11.59,P=0.00),其中治疗依从性(β=0.45)、家庭关怀(β=0.33)、学历情况(β=0.21)对疗效得分影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论美沙酮维持治疗门诊应格外留意离异、分居或丧偶的低学历吸毒人群。为提升美沙酮治疗疗效,应提高患者的治疗依从性、开展家庭关怀和社会关怀措施,改善吸毒人群情绪障碍问题。 Objective To discuss the therapeutic effect of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT）on drug addiction in Changsha and to understand its influencing factors. Methods A total of 120 drug addicts who received MMT were recruited from 3 clinics in Changsha using a cluster random sampling method from April to August,2015 and a questionnaire survey was conducted.The effect of MMT and its influencing factors were determined based on patient self-assessment and evaluation of doctors. Results The average effective score of MMT was 78.14±10.34,education（F=27.36,P=0.00）and marital status（F=30.57,P=0.00）were two factors significantly influencing the evaluation of physicians on the therapeutic effect of MTT.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that treatment compliance,emotional disturbance,social environment,family care were four independent variables that influenced the therapeutic effect of MMT.Meanwhile,treatment compliance（β=0.45）,family care（β=0.33）and education（β=0.21）significantly affected the effective scores. Conclusions Drug abusers as those divorced,separated or widowed loweducated ones should be given close attentions when treated with MMT.They should be encouraged to adhere with drug treatment;family and social care should be enhanced in order to improve the effectiveness of MMT.

关 键 词： 吸毒者 美沙酮 维持治疗 影响因素 治疗效果