作　　者： (高星星）; (陈艳）; (张武）; (鲁澎学）;

机构地区： 兰州大学大气科学学院、半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处： 《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》 2017年第4期459-466,480,共9页

摘　　要： 利用ISCCPD2资料分析了青藏高原云宏观参量的时空分布特征,结合NCEP资料分析了不同云类与降水和气温的关系,利用CERES SSF MODIS Edition 3A资料分析了云对地气系统的辐射强迫作用.结果表明,青藏高原地区云量分布整体呈自东向西减少的态势;总云量、低云云量、总光学厚度和总云水路径的分布形势很相似;水高积云、水积云、卷云和冰高积云的云水路径及云光学厚度均较小,冰层云、冰雨层云和深对流云的云水路径及云光学厚度均较大;出现最多的是卷云,最少的是冰层云、冰层积云、冰积云和冰雨层云;青藏高原地区的水积云、水高积云、水高层云、卷云和卷层云的云量与降水一致.近20a,中高云量在青藏高原地区呈上升趋势,低云量则呈明显下降趋势,该结果可能导致青藏高原地区地面气温升高.青藏高原地区云的短波辐射强迫主导着云的净辐射强迫效应,且具有显著的季节变化. ISCCP data were used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of cloud parameters in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The relationships between different classes of clouds and rain- fall and temperature from NCEP data were determined. The cloud radioactive effects on the land-atmo- spheric system over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied by using CERES SSF MODIS Edition 3A da- ta, with the results that the mean cloud amount, low cloud amount, cloud optical thickness and cloud wa- ter paths became less or fewer from the east to west; as regarding the cloud water path and cloud optical thickness the stratus, nimbostratus and deep convective of ice were the largest while altocumulus and cu- mulus of liquid, cirrus and altocumulus of ice were the smallest; the frequency of occurrence for cirrus was the highest while ice occurring frequency of stratus, stratocumulus, cumulus and nimbostratus were lower; the distribution of cumulus, altocumulus, altrostratus of liquid, cirrus and cirrostratus were the same with the mean cloud amount; for nearly 20 years the trend of mid and high cloud amount were ris- ing while the trend of the low cloud amount was in a decline, leading to rising temperature; and that the cloud shortwave radioactive forcing dominated the net radioactive forcing and varied remarkably with seasonal changes.

关 键 词： 青藏高原 国际卫星云气候学计划 云参量 辐射强迫