作　　者： (王民）; (李占斌）; (崔灵周）; (李鹏）;

机构地区： 河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司

出　　处： 《水土保持研究》 2017年第5期178-181,188,共5页

摘　　要： 利用流域数字高程DEM,采用流域地貌多重分形模型及其实现方法,对大理河流域中的11条子流域地貌多重分形参数进行了计算,分析了其空间分异特点。结果表明:大理河流域地貌多重分形参数奇异指数的最小值αmin、地貌表面积分布最小概率子集的分形维数f(αmin)和最大概率子集的分形维数f(αmax)的平均值从上游至下游呈明显递减趋势,奇异指数最大值αmax和奇异指数变化范围Δα平均值从上游到下游呈递增趋势,说明最大坡度地貌单元出现在上游,最小坡度地貌单元出现在下游,大理河流域地貌形态变化自上游向下游趋于复杂。大理河流域左岸αmin和f(αmin)均值大于右岸,表明最大坡度地貌单元所占比例左岸较大;左岸Δf平均值大于右岸,表明右岸中最小坡度的地貌单元所占比例大于最大坡度地貌单元所占比例;Δα均值右岸大于左岸,表明大理河右岸地貌复杂程度相对较大;总体来说,大理河流域地貌右岸的差异性、不均匀性和复杂度均大于左岸。该研究对于探讨黄土地貌多重分形参数的地貌学意义具有重要参考价值。 Based on the digital elevation model(DEM)of eleven subwatersheds of the Dali River watershed,the geomorphology multi-fractal parameters were calculated by using watershed geomorphology multi-fractal model and its spatial variation was also analyzed.The mean values of the geomorphology multi-fractal parameters,includingαmin,f(αmin)and f(αmax),obviously decreased from the upstream to downstream.The mean values ofαmaxandΔαshowed increasing trends from the upstream to downstream.The results indicated that the proportion of geomorphic unit with higher slope was more than with lower slope in the upstream,whereas the proportion of geomorphic unit with lower slope was more than with higher slope in the downstream.The topographic features of the Dali River watershed became more complex from the upstream to downstream.The mean values ofαminand f(αmin)on the left bank were greater than on the right bank of the Dali River watershed,which suggested that the proportion of geomorphic unit with higher slope on the left bank was more.The mean value ofΔfon the left bank was more than on the right bank,which suggested that the proportion of geomorphic unit with higher slope on the right bank was more.The mean value ofΔαon the right bank was more than on the left bank,which indicated that the topographic features on the right bank were more complex than on the left.In a word,the topographic features on the right bank were more diver-gent,homogeneous and complex than on the left bank.The results are of great scientific significance to effectively resolve the complex issues and master the characteristics of various landforms in geomorphology.

关 键 词： 大理河流域 流域地貌 多重分形特征 空间分异