作　　者： (沃夫刚）; (周南君）; (张伟特）;

机构地区： 德国弗莱堡大学

出　　处： 《清华西方哲学研究》 2015年第2期530-547,共18页

摘　　要： 本论文检查科学实在论(scientific realism)与科学反实在论(scientific antirealism)之间的争论。论文论证,科学实在论的问题,特别是涉及科学结果的客观有效性的问题,将仅仅是在后验的(a posteriori)基础上被回答的。是否科学相比其他理论事业产生了更可信的成果,这个问题本身是个纯粹经验性的事情而服从于进一步的经验性检查。因而,我为一种批判实在论(critical realism)辩护:是否科学是客观的这个问题将会仅仅被经验性的、元科学性的调查所回答。我在此得出初步结论:这样的调查将支持这个观点,即科学是一个认识论上成功的事业,因而其确证了实在论的立场。 The paper examines the dispute between scientific realism and scientific antirealism.It argues that questions of scientific realism,in particular,questions concerning objective validity of scientific results,are to be answered solely on a posteriori grounds.Whether science delivers more reliable results than alternative theoretical enterprises or not is itself a purely empirical matter and as such subject to further examination.Therefore,I plead for a form of critical realism:Whether science is objective or not will be answered only by empirical or meta-scientific investigations.I conclude by tentatively suggesting that such investigations will favor the view that science is an epistemologically successful enterprise and thus justifies a realistic attitude.

关 键 词： 知识 实在 科学实在论 科学反实在论 怀疑主义 批判实在论