作　　者： (梁亦斌）;

机构地区： 海德堡大学哲学系

出　　处： 《清华西方哲学研究》 2015年第2期242-255,共14页

摘　　要： 在经验的第二类比里,康德给出了因果原则的一个先验证明。他所理解的因果原则的正式表述是这样的:'所有的变化[……]都按照一个法则,即联结原因和结果的法则,而发生'(B 232)。本文的主要目的不在于对这个论证给出一个详细完满的重构,而是试图概述它的一两个重要方面。我将首先介绍一下这个论证的结构和框架,然后读者会看到,两个前提构成了它的支柱,同时也是第二类比讨论的中心:不可确定性论点和必然性论点。我将介绍一下对这两个论点的几种主要解读策略和困难。尽管第二类比非常重要,一直以来,相比先验演绎,对于这一章的重视程度似乎不够,所以我也将简要说明研究这一章节的重要性。 In the Second Analogy of Experience(SAE),Kant provides a transcendental proof for the principle of causation.According to him,the principle of causation means: " All alterations occurs in accordance with the law of the connection of cause and effect."(B 232) This paper is not aimed to offer a thorough reconstruction of the proof;rather,it is an attempt to illuminate some significant aspects of it.Firstly,I give a brief overview of the framework and structure of the main argument;and then I draw that two premises form the core of the argument;directly after,I discuss the SAE:the thesis of indeterminability and the thesis of necessity,and several interpretative strategies for both theses and the challenges they face.Despite the importance of the SAE,it seems that a premium was seldom put on it in comparison to the transcendental deduction.For this reason,I also give an account of its significance.

关 键 词： 康德 纯粹理性批判 经验的第二类比 因果原则 因果规则 因果范畴的图形