作　　者： (林志峰）; (胡日茗）; (周晓龙）;

机构地区： 昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院

出　　处： 《化工学报》 2017年第S1期26-36,共11页

摘　　要： 镍基催化剂是一种由多孔结构的镍铝合金的细小晶粒组成的固态异相催化剂。镍基催化剂因具有机械强度高、催化活性好、制备简单、价格低廉等优点,被广泛地应用到石油、化工、制药、油脂、香料、双氧水、合成纤维等方面的加氢、脱氢、脱卤、脱硫等转化反应过程中。随着催化工业的逐步发展,对催化剂性能的要求也越来越高,原始的镍基催化剂利用率低、抗酸性差等缺点限制了该催化材料的进一步应用。因此,近年来,许多研究者一直在尝试对镍基催化剂进行改性,以改善其使用寿命、催化活性、抗酸性等性能。着重介绍了镍基催化剂的强化措施以及镍基催化剂的应用,并对镍基催化剂在各类催化反应中的应用情况进行了详细概述,在此基础上展望了镍基催化剂的未来发展。 Ni-based catalysts are solid heterogeneous catalysts which are composed of fine grain of porous nickel-aluminum alloy.Ni-based catalysts have many advantages,such as high mechanical strength,good catalytic activity,simple preparation and low price.Ni-based catalysts have been widely used in the process of conversion reaction of hydrogenation,dehydrogenation,dehalogenation and desulfurization in petroleum,chemical,pharmaceutical,oil,perfume,hydrogen peroxide,synthetic fiber and so on.However,the requirements on the catalyst performance are increasingly high with the gradual development of industrial catalysis,the defect of the Ni-based catalysts such as the utilization rate is low,acid resistance is bad also expose undoubtedly.Therefore,in recent years,researchers have been trying to change the performance of Ni-based catalysts such as working life,catalytic activity,anti-acid.The strengthening measures and the application of Ni-based catalysts are emphasized in this paper.The applications of Ni-based catalysts in various catalytic reactions are also outlined in detail.Finally,the future development of Ni-based catalysts is prospected.

关 键 词： 镍 催化剂 强化 催化反应 应用