作　　者： (孙丽娟）; (徐春春）; (胡学旭）; (王步军）;

机构地区： 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所、农业部谷物产品质量安全风险评估实验室（北京）,北京100081

出　　处： 《中国农业科技导报》 2017年第9期8-14,共7页

摘　　要： 谷物是我国膳食结构中的重要组成部分,也是重要的粮食战略储备和工业原料,其安全问题已经从过去的"数量"转变为现在的"质量",随着谷物加工及储存过程的不断延长,各种质量安全隐患仍不可小视。分析了我国谷物安全隐患的成因和发展趋势,结果发现:一是真菌污染率高,污染情况复杂、气候异常区域、主要作物和高污染率毒素仍是重点;二是在某些矿区和污灌区,重金属超标问题突出,水稻、小麦外的其他谷物需加强监控;三是种植和贮存中过量、不合法使用农药,农药残留集中的谷物副产品作为食品原料使用都值得密切关注;四是非法转基因谷物等危害的不确定性也不可小视。准确及时地掌控谷物质量安全潜在隐患是确保我国粮食安全和人们生活健康的有效举措。 As an important component in daily diet of Chinese people,grain is not only an important industrial raw material but also helps to ensure strategic food reserves in China.Its safety issue has changed from previous＂quantity＂to present＂quality＂.With the continuous prolonged process of grain processing and storage,hidden risk in various quality and safety issues should not be ignored.Through analyzing the cause of the hidden risk and development trend in grain safety,the paper discovered the following risks：（1） high fungal contamination rate,complicated pollution situation,climate abnormal region were major crops high pollution rate of fungaltoxin;（2） in some mining and sewage irrigation areas,heavy metal excess of the standards was outstanding,monitoring on the other grains except rice and wheat should be strengthened;（3） more attention should be paid to excessive and illegal application of pesticides during grain cultivation and storage,and use of grain by-products as food materials with pesticide residue;（4） attention should also be focused on the uncertainty in the hazards of illegal genetically modified grain.To sum up,accurate and timely control of hidden risks in grain quality and safety is an effective measure for ensuring food security and people＇s health.

关 键 词： 谷物 质量安全 隐患