作　　者： (吴国超）;

机构地区： 解放军第187医院医务处,海口571159

出　　处： 《解放军医院管理杂志》 2017年第8期706-708,共3页

摘　　要： 目的摸清部队官兵因伤、因病致残的发病特点和规律,为保障官兵身体健康、提高部队战斗力提供科学依据。方法查阅4年的评残存档资料,从参评官兵年度分布、伤残部位及性质年度分布、病残病种年度分布和伤(病)残等级分布等方面进行综合分类判断。结果从参评官兵年度分布来看,基本上呈现逐年上升状态,干部增长233.33%,战士增长38.20%,合计增长66.35%;从伤残部位及性质看,关节损伤与四肢骨折占多数,两种损伤合计构成比分别占65.17%、72.48%、77.62%和71.63%,总计为72.41%;从病残病种分布看,占据前5位的是血液及涉及免疫机制的疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、肿瘤、神经系统疾病及循环系统疾病,5类病种合计的构成比分别为68.75%、85%、93.75%和78.79%,总计为85.14%;从伤残等级分布看,八级至十级者占多数(占总数的93.78%),合计的构成比依次为九级(37.76%)、八级(36.31%)、十级(19.71%);从病残的等级分布看,六级者居首位,其次为五级,两个等级的合计构成比分别为72.73%、100%、81.82%和85.71%,总计为84.62%。结论要针对伤病残的发病特点,采取对策,减少训练伤和疾病的发生率,从而降低致残率。 Objective To investigate disease characteristics and the regular patterns of injured troops in recent years so as to provide a scientific basis for the health of troops and the improvement of fighting capacity.Methods Based on the disability data between 2012 and 2015, a comprehensive evaluation was made from the aspects of annual distribution of personnel, annual distribution of disabled parts and nature of diseases, and annual distribution of disease classification and judgment level.Results The annual distribution of personnel was on the rise.Cadres increased by 233.33%,and soldiers 38.2% with a total increase of 66.35%.In terms of disabled parts and nature of diseases,joint damage and limb fracture were in the majority, and the proportion of which were 65.17%, 72.48%, 77.62% and 72.48%, respectively from 2012 to 2015 with a total proportion of 72.41%.In terms of sick diseases distribution, the top five sick diseases were blood and immune mechanism diseases, genitourinary system diseases, tumor, diseases of the nervous system and diseases of the circulatory system.The constituent ratio of these five types of diseases from 2012 to 2015 were 68.75%, 85%, 93.75% and 68.75% respectively, with a total proportion of 85.14%.From the standpoint of disability grade distribution, grade 8 ~ 10 were in the majority（accounting for 93.78%）, grade 9（37.76%）, grade 8（36.31%） and grade 10（19.71%）.In terms of the level distribution of the sick, grade 6 was in the first place, followed by grade 5.The constituent ratio of two levels were 72.73%, 100%, 81.82% and 72.73% respectively, a total of 84.62%.Conclusion Effective measures should be adopted in accordance with the characteristics of the disabled so as to reduce the incidence of injuries and diseases in military training and the disability rate.

关 键 词： 部队官兵 残情鉴定 医学鉴定 分析