作　　者： (刘延超）; (李颖姣）; (高宇）; (史树森）;

机构地区： 吉林农业大学农学院、大豆区域技术创新中心,长春130118

出　　处： 《中国农学通报》 2017年第23期95-99,共5页

摘　　要： 中华稻蝗(Oxya chinensis)与长额负蝗(Atractomorpha lata)是东北地区水旱田中主要害虫。为明确中华稻蝗和长额负蝗越冬卵过冷却点及耐寒性,采用热电偶法,运用过冷却点测定仪和超低温冷冻储存箱进行测定中华稻蝗和长额负蝗越冬卵过冷却点,同时测量中华稻蝗与长额负蝗卵的含水量,长宽及卵囊的形态指标。结果表明中华稻蝗越冬卵的过冷却点平均值为(-15.85±1.42)℃,结冰点平均值为(-12.73±1.29)℃,含水量平均值为59%,长额负蝗越冬卵的过冷却点平均值为(-25.09±0.18)℃,长额负蝗的结冰点平均值(-19.44±0.40)℃,含水量平均值为71%。中华稻蝗和长额负蝗卵内含水量的改变对过冷却点具有显著影响。在蝗虫的耐寒性的研究当中应与其与生活环境、发育阶段与生物学状态、体内含水量及抗冻保护物质、冰核物质等因素联系起来。 Oxya chinensis and Atractomorpha lata are main pests in paddy and dry field in Northeast China. Todetermine the supercooling point of overwintering eggs and cold resistance of Oxya chinensis and Atractomorpha lata, the thermocouple method, coupled with supercooling point measuring instrument andultra-low temperature freezer were used to measure the supercooling point, water content, the length and widthof morphological index of eggs from Oxya chinensis and Atractomorpha lata. The results showed that theaverage value of the supercooling point of overwintering eggs of the Oxya chinensis was（-15.85±1.42）℃, theaverage value of the freezing point of the Oxya chinensis was（-12.73±1.29）℃, and the average value of thewater content was 59%. The average value of the supercooling point of overwintering eggs of the Atractomorpha lata was（-25.09±0.18）℃, the average value of the freezing point of the Atractomorpha lata was（-19.44±0.40）℃, and the average value of the water content was 71%. The change of water content in Oxya chinensis and Atractomorpha lata had a significant effect on the supercooling point. Therefore, the research ofthe cold resistance of grasshopper should be linked with its life environment, developmental stage, biologicalstate, body water content, anti-freeze protective substance, ice nuclear material and other factors.

关 键 词： 中华稻蝗 长额负蝗 过冷却点 结冰点 含水量 耐寒性